Chpt 8,9 Flashcards
(238 cards)
1
Q
cul-de-sac
A
Region in lower abdomen, midway between the rectum and the cell.
2
Q
amin/o
A
amnion
3
Q
bartholin/o
A
Bartholin gland
4
Q
cervic/o
A
cervix, neck
5
Q
chori/o, chorion/o
A
chorion
6
Q
colp/o
A
vagina
*also vagin/o
7
Q
culd/o
A
cul-de-sac
8
Q
episi/o
A
vulva
9
Q
galact/o
A
milk
*also lact/o
10
Q
gynec/o
A
women, female
11
Q
hyster/o
A
uterus, womb
12
Q
lact/o
A
milk
*also galact/o
13
Q
mamm/o
A
breast
*also mast/o
14
Q
mast/o
A
breast
*also mamm/o
15
Q
men/o
A
menses, menstruation
16
Q
metr/o, metri/o
A
uterus
*also uter/o
17
Q
my/o
A
muscle
*also myom/o
18
Q
myom/o
A
muscle
*also my/o
19
Q
nat/i
A
birth
20
Q
obstetr/o
A
pregnancy and child birth
21
Q
o/o
A
egg
*also ov/o, ovul/o
22
Q
oophor/o
A
ovary
*also ovari/o
23
Q
ov/o
A
egg
*also o/o, ovul/o
24
Q
ovari/o
A
ovary
*also oophor/o
25
ovul/o
egg
| *also ov/o, o/o
26
perine/o
perineum
27
phor/o
to bear
28
salping/o
fallopian tubes
29
uter/o
uterus
| *also metr/o, metri/o
30
vagin/o
vagina
| *also colp/o
31
vulv/o
vulva
| *also episi/o
32
-arche
beginning
33
-cyesis
pregnancy
34
-gravida
pregnant
35
pseudo-
false
36
-parous
bearing, bringing forth
37
-rrhea
discharge, flow
38
-salpinx
fallopian tube
39
-tocia
labor, birth
40
-version
act of turning
41
Oxy-
rapid
42
dys-
painful
43
endo-
within
44
in-
in
45
Vol-
to roll
46
intra-
within
47
multi-
many
48
nulli-
no, not, none
49
pre-
before
50
primi-
first
51
retro-
backward
52
Human papillomavirus (HPV)
Causes cervical canver
53
endometriosis
Endometrial tissue located outside the uterus (abnormal location)
-when it affects the ovaries we get large blood-filled cysts ("chocolate cysts")
54
Chocolate cysts
Large blood-filled cysts that develop when endometriosis affects the ovaries
55
fibroids
Benign tumors in the uterus. Also calld leiomyomas or leiomyomata
56
leiomyomata
fibroids (benign tumors of the uterus) also called leiomyomas
57
BRCA1 and BRCA2
Mutations that greatly incr risk of developing ovarian and breast cancer.
58
ovarian cysts
Collections of fluid within a sac (cyst) in the ovary.
59
terat/o
monster
60
teratoma
another word for dermoid cysts (type of ovarian cyst)-- contain variety of cell types including skin, hair, teeth and cartilage arise from immature egg cells in the ovaries.
-can be malignant
61
pelvic inflammatory disease (PAD)
Inflammation and infection of organs in the pelvic region; salpingitis, oophoritis, endometritis, endocervitis
-The leading cause of STDs
62
Sentinel node biopsy (SNB)
To determine of the breast tumor has spread to the lymph nodes.
63
fibrocystic breast disease
Numerous small sacs of fluid surrounded by dense strands of fibrous tissue in the breast
64
abruptio placentae
Premature separation of the normally implanted placenta
| -Occurs bc of trauma, like a fall, or hypertension.
65
ectopic pregnancy
Implantation of the fertilized egg in any site other than the normal uterine location.
66
multiple gestations
More than one fetus inside the uterus
67
placenta previa
Implantation of the placenta over the cervical opening or in the lower region of the uterus.
68
preeclampsia
Abnormal condition assoc with pregnancy, marked by high blood pressure, proteinuria, edema, and headache
69
eclampsia
The final and most severe phase of untreated preeclampsia
| -can cause seizure or death in mother and baby
70
hydrocephalus
accumulation of fluid in the spaces of the brain
71
pyloric stenosis
Narrowing of the opening of the stomach to the duodenum
72
Pap test (pap smear)
Microscopic exam of stained cells removed from the vagina and cervix to detect abnormalities
73
pregnancy test
Blood or urine test to detect the presence of hCG
74
mammography
X-ray of the breast
75
aspiration
Withdrawal of fluid from a cavity or sac with an instrument using suction
76
cauterization
Destruction of tissue by burning
77
colposcopy
Visual exam of the vagina and cervix using a colposcope
78
conization
Removal of a cone-shaped section (cone biopsy) of the cervix
79
cryosurgery
Use of cold temperatures to destroy tissue
80
culdocentesis
Needle aspiration of fluid from the cul-de-sac
81
dilation (dilitation) and curettage (D&C)
Widening the cervix and scraping off the endometrial lining of the uterus
82
tubal litagation
Blocking the fallopian tubes to prevent fertilization
83
amniocentesis
Needle puncture of the amniotic sac to withdraw amniotic fluid for analysis
84
AB
abortion
85
AFP
alpha-fetoprotein
86
BRCA1 and BRCA 2
Breast cancer 1 and 2
87
BSE
breast self-examination
88
C-section
cesarean section
89
CS
cesarean section
90
CIN
cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
91
CIS
carcinoma in situ
92
CVS
chorionic cillus sampling
93
Cx
cervix
94
D&C
dilation (dilitation) and curretage
95
DCIS*
ductal carcinoma in situ
96
DUB
dysfunctional uterine bleeding
97
FSH
follicle-stimulating hormone
98
G
gravida (pregnant)
99
GYN
gynecology
100
hCG, HCG
human chorionic gonadotropin
101
HPV
human papillomavirus
102
HRT
hormone replacement therapy
103
IUD
intrauterine device
104
IVF
in vitro fertilization
105
LEEP
loop electrocautery excision
106
LH
luteinizing hormone
107
LMP*
last menstrual period
108
OB
obstetrics
109
para 2-0-1-2
a womans full reproductive history; 2 full-term infants, 0 preterm, 1 abortion and 2 living children.
110
PID
pelvic inflammatory disease
111
PMS
premenstrual syndrome
112
SLN biopsy
sentinel lymph node biopsy
113
SNB
sentinel lymph node biopsy
114
TAH-BSO
total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy
115
VH
vaginal hysterectomy
116
study of the newborn
neonatology
117
hormone that stimulates the pregnant uterus to contract
oxytocin
118
secretion of milk
lactation
119
removal of the entire uterus
total hysterectomy
120
inflammation of the neck of the uterus
cervicitis
121
branch of medicine concerned with pregnancy and childbirth
obstetrics
122
outermost membrane surrounding the fetus
chorion
123
removal of both fallopian tubes and both ovaries
bilaterial salpingo-oophorectomy
124
inflammation of the external female genitalia and vagina
vulvovaginitis
125
needle puncture to remove fluid from the cul-de-sac
culdocentesis
126
(T/F) After a total (complete) hysterectomy, a woman still has regular menstrual periods.
F- total hysterectomy means removal of the entire uterus so that menstruation does not occur.
127
(T/F) After a total hysterectomy, a woman may still produce estrogen and progesterone
T- total hysterectomy doesn't mean that the ovaries have been removed.
128
(T/F) After a total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, a doctor may advise hormone replacement therapy.
T- This may be necessary to treat symptoms of estrogen los and to prevent bone deterioration
129
(T/F) A pap test can detect cervical dysplasia.
T- a pap test can detect abnormal changes in the cervix from a cervical dysplasia to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.
130
(T/F) Human chorionic gonadotropin is produced by the ovaries during pregnancy.
F- hCG is produced in the PLACENTA during pregnancy
131
(T/F) Gynecomastia is a common condition in pregnant women.
F- gynecomastia is incr breast development in men
132
(T/F) Treatment for endometriosis is uterine myomectomy.
F- myomectomy means removal of muscle tumors (fibroids). Endometriosis is abnormal location of uterine tissue outside the uterine lining.
133
(T/F) A gravida 3 para 2 is a woman who has given birth 3 times.
F- woman who has had 2 children but is pregnant with her 3rd.
134
(T/F) A null gravida is a woman who is had several pregnancies.
F- no pregnancies
135
(T/F) Pseudocyesis is the same condition as tubal pregnancy.
F- pseudocyesis is a false pregnancy. A tubal pregnancy is an ex of an ectopic pregnancy.
136
(T/F) Fibrocystic changes in the breast are a malignant condition.
F- Fibrocystic changes in the breast are a benign condition.
137
(T/F) Cystadenomas occur in the ovaries.
T- cystadenomas are glandular sacs lined with tumor cells; occur in ovaries
138
(T/F) FSH and LH are ovarian hormones
F- they are pituitary gland hormones. Estrogen and progesterone are secreted by the ovaries.
139
amenorrhea
no menstrual flow
140
dysmenorrhea
painful menstrual flow
141
leukorrhea
while discharge
142
metrorrhagia (definition)
bleeding from the uterus at irregular intervals
143
galactorrhea
abnormal discharge of milk from the breasts
144
menorrhagia (definition)
prolonged menstrual periods occurring at regular intervals
145
pyosalpinx
pus in the fallopian tubes
146
dysparuenia
painful sexual intercourse
147
menometrorrhagia
heavy bleeding at or bw menstrual periods
148
oligomenorrhea
scanty menstrual flow
149
chlamydial infection causing inflammation in the lower, neck-like portion of the uterus
cervicitis
150
condition during pregnancy or shortly thereafter, marked by hypertension, proteinuria, and edema.
preeclampsia
151
uterine tissue located outside the uterus -- for ex, in the ovaries, cul-de-sac, fallopian tubes, or peritoneum.
endometriosis
152
premature separation of normally implanted placenta
abruptio placentae
153
placenta implantation over the cervical opening
placenta previa
154
more than one fetus inside the uterus
multiple gestations
155
malignant condition that can be diagnosed by a pap test, revealing dysplastic changes in cells
cervical carcinoma
156
malignant condition of the inner lining of the uterus
endometrial carcinoma
157
benign muscle tumor in the uterus
leiomyoma
158
Dr. Hanson felt it was impt to do a (culdocentesis, Pap test, amniocentesis) once yearly on each of her GYN patients to screen for abnormal cells.
pap test
159
When Doris missed her period, her dr checked for the presence of (LH, IUD, hCG) to see if she was pregnant.
hCG
160
Ellen was 34 weeks pregnant and experiencing head headaches and blurry vision, with a 10 lb weight gain in 2 days. Dr. Murphy told her to go to the obstetric emergency department bc she suspected (preeclampsia, pelvic inflammatory disease, fibroids)
preeclampsia
161
52 y/o Sally noticed increasing pain, fullness, and swelling in her abdomen. She had history of ovarian cancer, so her physician recommended (sentinel node biopsy, pelvic ultrasonography, colposcopy)
pelvic ultrasonography
162
Clara knew that she could not ignore her fevers and yellow vaginal discharge and the pain in her side. She had previous episodes of (PMS, PID, HRT) treated with IV antibiotics. She was worried that she might have a recurrence.
PID
163
After years of trying to become pregnant, Jill decided to speak to her (hematologist, gynecologist, urologist) about in vitro (gestation, parturition, fertilization)
- gynecologist
| - fertilization
164
To harvest her ova, Jills physician prescribed hormones to stimulate egg maturation and (coitus, lactation, ovulation). Ova were surgically removed and fertilized with sperm cells in a Petri dish.
ovulation
165
Next, multiple embryos were implanted into Jill's (fallopian tube, vagina, uterus), and she received hormones to ensure survival of at least one embryo.
uterus
166
The IVF was successful and after (abdominal CT, ultrasound exam, pelvimetry), Jill was told that she would receive twins in 8.5 months.
ultrasound
167
At 37 weeks, Jill went into labor. Under continuous (chorionic villus sampling, culdocentesis, fetal monitoring), two healthy infants were delivered vaginally.
fetal monitoring
168
At age 41, Carol had a screening (hysterosalpingogram, mammogram, conization) of her breasts. The results shows tiny calcium deposits or calcifications, behind her (areola, chorion, adnexae uteri). A core needle (laparoscopy, colposcopy, biopsy) was performed and shows cells that were in early sign of cancer called (CIN, DCIS, DUB). Her surgical oncologist recommended (lumpectomy, TAH-BSO, chorionic villus sampling) to remove the calcification and surrounding tissue as treatment
- mammogram
- areola
- biopsy
- DCIS
- lumpectomy
169
andr/o
male
170
balan/o
glans penis
171
cry/o
cold
172
crypt/o
hidden
173
epididym/o
epididymus
174
gon/o
seed
175
hydr/o
water. fluid
176
orch/o, orchi/o, orchid/o
testis, testicle
| *also test/o
177
pen/o
penis
178
prostat/o
prostate
179
semin/i
semen, seed
180
sperm/o, spermat/o
spermatozoa, semen
181
test/o
testis, testicles
| *also orch/o, orchi/o, orchid/o
182
varic/o
varicose veins
183
vas/o
vessel, duct; vas deferens
184
zo/o
animal life
185
-genesis
formation
186
-one
hormone
187
-pexy
fixation, put in place
188
cryptorchidism; cryptorchism
undescended testicles
189
hydrocele
sac of clear fluid in he scrotum
190
testicular torsion
twisting of the spermatic cord
| -freq in childhood
191
benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
Benign growth of cells within the prostate gland
192
hypospadias
Congenital abnormality in which the male urethral opening is on the undersurface of the penis, instead of at its tip
193
phimosis
Narrowing (stricture) of the opening of the prepuce over the glans penis
194
phim/o
muzzle
195
chlamydial infection
Bacterial invasion of the urethra and reproductive tract.
196
gonorrhea
Inflammation of the genital tract mucosa, caused by infection with gonoccoci
197
transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)
Excision of benign prostatic hyperplasia using a resectoscope through the urethra.
198
BPH
benign prostatic hyperplasia
199
DRE
digital rectal examination
200
ED
erectile dysfunction
201
GU
genitourinary
202
HSV
herpes simplex virus
203
PIN
prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia
| -precursor of prostate cancer
204
PSA
prostate-specific antigen
205
STI
sexually transmitted infection
206
TRUS
transrectal ultrasound
207
TURP
transurethral resection of the prostate
208
inflammation of the testes
orchitis
209
inflammation of the tube that carries the spermatozoa to the vas deferens
epididymitis
210
resection of the prostate gland
prostatectomy
211
inflammation of the prostate gland
prostatitis
212
process of producing (the formation of) sperm cells
spermatogenesis
213
fixation of undescended testicle
orchiopexy
214
inflammation of the glans penis
balanitis
215
condition of scanty sperm
oligospermia
216
lack of semen
aspermia
217
pertaining to a testicle
testicular
218
(T/F) Cryogenic surgery uses cold temps to destroy tissue.
T
219
(T/F) Estrogen is an example of an androgen
F- Estrogen is a female hormone. Androgens are male hormones.
220
(T/F) Castration (orchiectomy or oophorectomy) is an example of sterilization.
T
221
(T/F) A teratoma is a benign tumor of the prostate gland
F- Teratoma is a malignant tumor of the testis
222
(T/F) Spermolytic means formation of sperm
F- spermolytic is destruction of sperm.
223
(T/F) Balanitis is inflammation of a testicle
F- Balanitis is inflammation of the glans penus. Orchitis is the inflammation of a testicle
224
(T/F) Azoospermia causes infertility
T
225
(T/F) Aspermia causes intertility
T- semen is discharged backward into the urinary bladder
226
(T/F) Seminiferous tubules are the interstitial cells of the testes
F- Seminiferous tubules are the parenchymal tissue of the testes
227
(T/F) Testosterone is produced by the parenchymal tissue of the testes
F- Testosterone is produced by the interstitial cells of the testis
228
(T/F) Vasectomy produces impotence
F- Vasectomy results in the inability of sperm to leave the body in semen. It does not affect erectile dysfunction and does not reproduce impotence.
229
(T/F) Vasovasostomy is an anastomosis that can restore fertility (ability to reproduce offspring)
T
230
carcinoma of the prostate gland
radical (complete) prostatectomy
231
cryptorchidism
orchiopexy
232
sterilization (hormones remain and potency is not impaired)
vasectomy
233
benign prostatic hyperplasia
photoselective vaporization of the prostate
234
abnormal collection of fluid in a scrotal sac
hydrocelectomy
235
reversal of sterilization procedure
vasovasostomy
236
embryonal carcinoma of the testes
orchiectomy
237
phimosis
circumcision
238
ligation of swollen, twisted veins above the testes.
varicocelectomy
