CLASSIC LAB/FINDINGS I

Question 1

decrease AFP in amniotic fluid/maternal serum

Answer 1

Down syndrome, Edwards syndrome

Question 2

Large granules in phagocytes, immunodeficiency

Answer 2

Chédiak-Higashi disease (congenital failure of phagolysosome formation)

Question 3

Recurrent infections, eczema, thrombocytopenia

Answer 3

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome

Question 4

Optochin sensitivity

Answer 4

Sensitive: S pneumoniae; resistant: viridans streptococci

S mutans, S sanguis

Question 5

Novobiocin response

Answer 5

Sensitive: S epidermidis; resistant: S saprophyticus

Question 6

Bacitracin response

Answer 6

Sensitive: S pyogenes (group A); resistant: S agalactiae

group B

Question 7

Streptococcus bovis bacteremia

Answer 7

Colon cancer

Question 8

Branching gram ⊕ rods with sulfur granules

Answer 8

Actinomyces israelii

Question 9

Hilar lymphadenopathy, peripheral granulomatous lesion

in middle or lower lung lobes (can calcify)

Answer 9

Ghon complex (1° TB: Mycobacterium bacilli)

Question 10

“Thumb sign” on lateral neck x-ray

Answer 10

Epiglottitis (Haemophilus influenzae)

Question 11

Bacteria-covered vaginal epithelial cells

Answer 11

“Clue cells” (Gardnerella vaginalis)

Question 12

Cardiomegaly with apical atrophy

Answer 12

Chagas disease (Trypanosoma cruzi)

Question 13

Atypical lymphocytes

Answer 13

EBV

Question 14

Enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusion bodies

Answer 14

“Owl eye” appearance of CMV

Question 15

Heterophile antibodies

Answer 15

Infectious mononucleosis (EBV)

Question 16

Intranuclear eosinophilic droplet-like bodies

Answer 16

Cowdry type A bodies (HSV or VZV)

Question 17

Eosinophilic globule in liver

Answer 17

Councilman body (viral hepatitis, yellow fever), represents hepatocyte undergoing apoptosis

Question 18

“Steeple” sign on frontal CXR

Answer 18

Croup (parainfluenza virus)

Question 19

Eosinophilic inclusion bodies in cytoplasm of hippocampal and cerebellar neurons

Answer 19

Negri bodies of rabies

Question 20

Ring-enhancing brain lesion on CT/MRI in AIDS

Answer 20

Toxoplasma gondii, CNS lymphoma

Question 21

Psammoma bodies

Answer 21

Meningiomas, papillary thyroid carcinoma, mesothelioma, papillary serous carcinoma of the endometrium and ovary