ENZYME TERMINOLOGY

Question 1

Catalyzes transfer of a phosphate group from a high-energy molecule (usually ATP) to a substrate (eg, phosphofructokinase).

Answer 1

Kinase

Question 2

Adds inorganic phosphate onto substrate without using ATP (eg, glycogen phosphorylase).

Answer 2

Phosphorylase

Question 3

Removes phosphate group from substrate (eg, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase).

Answer 3

Phosphatase

Question 4

Catalyzes oxidation-reduction reactions (eg, pyruvate dehydrogenase).

Answer 4

Dehydrogenase

Question 5

Adds hydroxyl group (−OH) onto substrate (eg, tyrosine hydroxylase).

Answer 5

Hydroxylase

Question 6

Transfers CO2 groups with the help of biotin (eg, pyruvate carboxylase).

Answer 6

Carboxylase

Question 7

Relocates a functional group within a molecule (eg, vitamin B12–dependent methylmalonyl-CoA
mutase).

Answer 7

Mutase

Question 8

Joins two molecules together using a source of energy (eg, ATP, acetyl-CoA, nucleotide sugar).

Answer 8

Synthase/synthetase