Clinical Bacteriology I

Question 1

actinomyces class

Answer 1

gram positive
branching filament
anaerobe - not acid fast

Question 2

nocardia class

Answer 2

gram positive
branching filament
aerobe - acid fast

Question 3

clostridium class

Answer 3

gram positive rod - anaerobe

Question 4

corynebacterium class

Answer 4

gram positive rod

Question 5

listeria class

Answer 5

gram positive rod

Question 6

bacillus class

Answer 6

gram positive rod

Question 7

staph aureus class

Answer 7

gram positive cocci
catalase positive
coagulase positive

Question 8

staph epidermidis class

Answer 8

gram positive cocci
catalase positive
coagulase negative
novobiocin sensitivite

Question 9

staph saprophyticus class

Answer 9

ram positive cocci
catalase positive
coagulase negative
novobiocin resistant

Question 10

novobiocin

Answer 10

determine staph sapro vs. epidermidis

sapro - novobiocin resistant
epidermidis - novobiocin sensitive

Question 11

strep pneumo class

Answer 11

gram positive cocci
catalase negative
alpha-hemolytic
optochin sensitive
lysed by bile - bile soluble
has capsule

Question 12

strep viridans class

Answer 12

gram positive cocci
catalase negative
alpha-hemolytic
optochin resistant
bile insoluble - not lysed
no capsule

Question 13

optochin

Answer 13

determine strep viridans vs. strep pneumo

viridans - optochin resistant
pneumo - optochin sensitive

Question 14

strep pyogenes class

Answer 14

gram positive cocci
catalase negative
beta hemolytic
bacitracin sensitive

group A strep

Question 15

strep agalactiae class

Answer 15

gram positive cocci
catalase negative
beta hemolytic
bacitracin resistant

Question 16

bacitracin

Answer 16

determine strep pyogenes (group A) vs. strep agalacticae (group B)

Question 17

group D strep

Answer 17

enterococcus

gram positive cocci
grown in bile - and 6.5% NaCl

gamma hemolytic

Question 18

strep bovis class

Answer 18

gram positive cocci
catalase negative
gamma hemolytic
non-enterococcus - grown in bile, not 6.5% NaCl

Question 19

alpha hemolytic

Answer 19

partial - green

strep pneumo
strep viridans

Question 20

beta hemolytic

Answer 20

complete - clear

group A strep - pyogenes
group B strep - agalacticae

staph aureus
listeria monocytogenes

Question 21

toxic shock syndromes

Answer 21

staph aureus - with tampon or nasal packing

strep pyogenes - painful skin infection association

Question 22

scalded skin syndrome

Answer 22

staph aureus - exfoliative toxin

Question 23

rapid onset food poison

Answer 23

staph aureus - enterotoxin

2-6 hours after ingestion preformed toxin

toxin heat stable - not destroyed by cooking

Question 24

MRSA resistance mechanism

Answer 24

resistant to methicillin and nafcillin

altered penicillin binding protein (transpeptidase)

Question 25

infect prosthetic devices and IV catheter

Answer 25

staph epidermidis

Question 26

UTI in sex active young women

Answer 26

staph saprophyticus

Question 27

MC cause UTI

Answer 27

E. coli

Question 28

rusty sputum

Answer 28

strep pneumo

Question 29

sepsis in sickle cell and splenectomy pt

Answer 29

strep pneumo

Question 30

MC cause otitis media in children

Answer 30

strep pneumo

Question 31

MC cause of meningitis

Answer 31

strep pneumo

Question 32

MC cause of pneumonia

Answer 32

strep pneumo

Question 33

lancet shaped, gram positive diplococci, encapsulated

Answer 33

strep pneumo

Question 34

dextrans

Answer 34

from strep sanguinis -viridans group bind fibrin-platelet aggregates on heart valve subacute bacterial endocarditis to damaged heart valves

Question 35

dental caries

Answer 35

strep mutans

Question 36

jones criteria

Answer 36

for acute rheumatic fever ``` J - joints - polyarthritis O - little heart shape - endocarditis N - subQ nodules E - erythema marginatum S - syndeham chorea ```

Question 37

scarlet fever

Answer 37

strep pyogenes - group A strep scarlet rash - with sandpaper like texture - strawberry tongue - circumoral pallor - subsequent desquamation

Question 38

pneumonia, meningitis, and sepsis in babies

Answer 38

group B strep - agalacticae screen pregnant women at 35-37 weeks

Question 39

tx for positive group B strep screen in pregnancy

Answer 39

penicillin prophylaxis

Question 40

ASO titer

Answer 40

strep pyogenes - group A strep

Question 41

M protein

Answer 41

strep pyogenes | -rheumatic fever antigen

Question 42

subacute endocarditis after GI procedures

Answer 42

group D strep - enterococcus

Question 43

associated with colon cancer

Answer 43

strep bovis - group D strep colonize gut can cause bacteremia and subacute endocarditis

Question 44

gray white membrane in pharynx, lymphadenopathy, myocarditis, arrhythmia

Answer 44

corynebacterium diptheriae exotoxin - inhibit protein synthesis - via ADP ribosylation of EF-2 -beta-prophage - encodes exotoxin

Question 45

elek test

Answer 45

detect toxin of corynebacterium diptheriae

Question 46

prevent diptheriae

Answer 46

toxoid vaccine

Question 47

to kill spores

Answer 47

need to autoclave

Question 48

spore formers

Answer 48

bacillus clostridium coxiella

Question 49

clostridium class

Answer 49

gram positive spore forming obligate anaerobe rods

Question 50

tetanus

Answer 50

clostridium tetani tetanospasmin - cleave SNARE - no release of inhibitory GABA and glycine - get spastic paralysis trismus - lockjaw risus sardonicus - raised eyebrow and open grin

Question 51

risus sardonicus

Answer 51

raised eyebrow with tetanus

Question 52

trismus

Answer 52

lockjaw with tetanus

Question 53

prevention of tetanus

Answer 53

vaccine

Question 54

tx of tetanus

Answer 54

antitoxin, vaccine booster, diazepam (control spasms)