Clinical Presentations in Renal

Question 1

asymptomatic haematuria/proteinuria

Answer 1

glomerulonephritis

Question 2

Pyelonephritis

Answer 2

rapid, symptoms appearing over 1-2 days

Loin pain, fever, rigors, vomiting

Question 3

simple cysts

Answer 3

most often incidental finding

Question 4

abdo mass, haematuria, CRF, hypertension, usually in adult life

Answer 4

ADPKD

Question 5

abdominal mass in child

Answer 5

nephroblastoma (Wilm’s tumour)

Question 6

Abdo mass, haematuria, flank pain, POLYCYTHAEMIA + HYPERCALCAEMIA

Answer 6

renal cell carcinoma

Question 7

haematuria, exposure to dues or rubber

Answer 7

transitional cell carcinoma

Question 8

Long standing cystitis cystica

Answer 8

adenocarcinoma

Question 9

ulcerating tumour of glands/prepuce of penis

Answer 9

SCC

Question 10

Inability to urinate, increasing pain

Answer 10

acute urinary retention

Question 11

sudden severe colicky pain, loin to groin

Answer 11

renal calculus

Question 12

acutely painful scotum, adolescent often woken from sleep

Testin high in scrotum, lies transversely and there is absence of cremasteric reflex

Answer 12

tortion of spermatic cord

Question 13

localised tenderness at upper pole and blue dot sign in testis

Answer 13

torsion of testicular appendages

Question 14

dysuria, pyrexia, history of UTI/urethritis

Cremasteric reflex is present

Answer 14

epididymitis

Question 15

painful swelling of foreskin distal to phimotic ring

Answer 15

paraphymosis

Question 16

starts as cellulitis in male genitals, swollen, tender, erthematous, systemic toxicity, dark purple areas

Answer 16

Fourneir’s gangrene

Question 17

fever, vomiting, flank pain, usually in diabetics

Answer 17

emphysematous pyelonephritis

Question 18

flank mass, may be pyrexial, insidious onset

Answer 18

perinephric abscess

Question 19

suprapubic/abdo pain, unable to void, suprapubic tenderness, lower abdominal bruising, diminished bowel sounds

Answer 19

bladder injury

Question 20

often after pelvic fracture

Answer 20

bladder injury

Question 21

blood at meatus, unable to pass urine, butterfly perieal haematoma, palpably full bladder, high riding prostate

Answer 21

urethra injury

Question 22

frequency, urgency, incomplete bladder emptying, need to push or strain, haematuria, p, hesistancy

Answer 22

BPH

Question 23

Majority asymptomatic, piceked up by PSA tests, assymetry, nodular, fixed craggy max

Answer 23

prostate cancer

Question 24

white patches, scarring, bleeding at prepuce/glans of penis

Answer 24

balanitis xerotica obliterans

Question 25

red raised, fungating mass on penis, foul smelling

Answer 25

SCC

Question 26

huge, palpable bladder, chronic retention, insensible incontinence, wet at night, renal impairment

Answer 26

overflow incontinence

Question 27

frequency, small voided volumes, urgency eg caused by running water

Answer 27

urge incontinence

Question 28

Urine leaks during increased intra abdo presure, may have had children

Answer 28

stress incontinence