Clinical Signs

Question 0

What are Po causes of clubbing?

Answer 0

Bronchial carcinoma
Fibrosing alveolitis
Lung suppuration

Question 1

What is a CO2 flap?

Answer 1

Irregular hand flapping when wrist is hyperextended

Question 2

What is Horners syndrome and what are its symptoms?

Answer 2

Pancoasts tumour
Results in
- Small pupil
- Ptosis
- Enophthalmos
- Unilateral anhidrosis

Question 3

What chest wall deformities might we inspect?

Answer 3

Kyphoscoliosis
Pertussis excavatum
Hyperinflation
Thoracoplasty

Question 4

How does the trachea move in the following:

1. Lung collapse
2. Lung consolidation
3. Tension pneumothorax
4. Effusion

Answer 4

1. Towards collapse
2. Towards consolidation
3. Away from tension
4. Away from effusion

Question 5

What causes lung crepitations?

Answer 5

‘Popping open’ of closed alveoli due to

• Emphysema
• Chest drain
• Po fibrosis (late inspiration and fine)

Question 6

What does hyper-resonance suggest?

Answer 6

Emphysema

Pneumothorax

Question 7

What does impaired resonance suggest?

Answer 7

Consolidation
Pleural thickening
Raised hemi-diaphragm

Question 8

What percussion sound does pleural effusion cause?

Answer 8

Stony and dull

Question 9

What adjective describes normal breath sounds?

Answer 9

Vesicular

Question 10

What causes a pleural rub?

Answer 10

Pneumonia
Embolus
Viral/Autoimmune pleurisy