Pulmonary-Vascular Conditions Flashcards
What can cause pulmonary arterial hypertension?
Hypoxia Po emboli Po vasculitis - SLE Left to right shunt
What can lead to pulmonary venous hypertension?
Ischaemia LVF
Mitral regurgitation/stenosis
Cardiomyopathy
Clinical signs of Po hypertension and RVF
Central cyanosis Oedema Raised JVP RV heave Tricuspid murmur Loud P2
How do we investigate pulmonary hypertension?
ECG CXR ABGs Echo V/Q scan CT pulmonary angiogram
What is Virchows triad?
Blood stasis
Vessel wall damage
Hypercoagulability
Risk factors for DVT and PE
Thrombophilia - FHx - Age Contraceptive pill Pregnancy Trauma Surgery Immobility
Investigation of a DVT
US Doppler
CT
How does a small recurrent PE present?
Dyspnoea
Po hypertension
RVF
How will a medium PE present?
Pleuritic pain
Haemoptysis
SoB
How will a large PE present?
CVS shock
Low BO
Central cyanosis
Sudden death
What clinical signs does a PE display?
Crackles Pleural rub Pleural effusion CXR - Basal atelectasis - Consolidation
A patient has raised D dimers, so they definitely have a thrombus. True or false?
False. High D dimers means thrombus is just a possibility
What investigations are carried out in a suspected PE?
D dimers
V/Q scan
CT pulmonary angiogram
Plain CXR
