Colorectal Cancer Flashcards
1
Q
Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer?
A
Age Family History IBD Poor Diet Alcohol Smoking
2
Q
Describe what a polyp in the colon could be?
A
Benign = Adenoma Malignant = Adenocarcinoma
3
Q
Describe Benign Adenomas?
A
These are not cancerous however have the potential to become maligant
4
Q
Genetically, what causes Colorectal cancer?
A
Mutations in the tumour supressor genes (p53)
Mutations in the oncogenes
5
Q
Clinical presentation of Colorectal cancer?
A
Asymptomatic Rectal Bleeding Altered Bowel Habit Weight Loss Obstruction (Tenesmus) Palpable Mass
6
Q
Describe the spread of Colorectal cancer?
A
Local (Bowel Wall and Lymph Nodes)
Blood (Liver, Lung
7
Q
Investigations for Colorectal cancer?
A
PR Exam
Faecal Occult Blood
Colonscopy and Biopsy
8
Q
Treatment?
A
Surgery
Radiotherapy
Chemotherapy
9
Q
Emergency presentation of Colorectal cancer?
A
Obstruction
Perforation
Bleeding
10
Q
Predisposing factors?
A
UC Crohn's Alcohol Smoking Red Meat
