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Medicine Sem 2 > COM 2 Anatomy > Flashcards

COM 2 Anatomy Flashcards

(46 cards)

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1
Q

What are the components of the brainstem

A
  • Medulla oblongata
  • Pons
    -Midbrain
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2
Q

Where is the brainstem located

A

Posterior cranial fossa

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3
Q

What are the functions of the brainstem+
- What does it contain (2) things

A
  • Conduit for ascending and descending tracts between spinal cord and forebrain
    -Contains reflex centers for respiration, cardiovascular control and consciousness
  • Contains cranial nerve nuclei ( CNII - XII)
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4
Q

Where is the anterior median fissure located

A

Anterior surface of the medulla oblongata

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5
Q

Swellings on each side of the anterior median fissure on the medulla oblongata is called

A

Pyramids

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6
Q

What do pyramids contain- (anterior surface of Medulla Oblongata)

A

Cortiospinal motor fibers

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7
Q

What does the medulla oblongata connect to

A

Pons

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8
Q

Describe the shape of the medulla oblongata

A

concial, broad

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9
Q

On the anterior surface of the MO, where does the anterior external arcuate fibers emerge from

A
  • Anterior median fissure
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10
Q

What are olives on the anterior surface of the MO

A
  • Oval elevations lateral to the pyramids
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11
Q

What are olives on the Anterior surface of the MO formed by

A
  • inferior olivary nuclei
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12
Q

Where are nerve rootles found on the anterior surface of the MO

A
  • Between the pyramid and olive
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13
Q

On the anterior surface of the MO where does the rootles of the hypoglossal nerve( CN XII) emerge from

A
  • Between the pyramid and olive
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14
Q

What is posterior to the olive on the anterior sirface of the MO+ the function

A
  • Inferior cerebellar peduncles
  • connects the medulla to the cerebellum
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15
Q

The roots of whcih nerves emerge between the olive and peduncle on the anterior surface of the MO are called..(3)

A
  • Glossopharyngeal CN IX
    -Vagus neerve CN X
    -Cranial roots of the accesory nerve
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16
Q

On the posterior surface of the MO what does the superior half form

A

The lower part of the floor of the fourth ventricle

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17
Q

What is the Gracile Tubercle formed by on the medulla oblongata

A
  • Gracile nucleus
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18
Q

Where is the gracile tubercle located

A

On either side of the posterior median sulcus

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19
Q

What is that cuneate tubercle formed by on the posterior surface of the MO

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Cuneate nucleus
20
Q

What does the internal structure of the Medulla oblongata consists of

Study These Flashcards
A
  • white and grey matter
21
Q

Name the 4 levels the internal structure of the Medulla oblongata is studied at

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Decussation of pyramids
    -Decussation of lemnisci
    -Levels of the olives
    -Level just below the pons
22
Q

Where does pyramid decussation occur

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Inferior half of the medulla oblongata
23
Q

What is the main thinf that happens in the lecel of pyramid decussation

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Decussation of the pyramids occur
  • Corticospinal fibers cross the midline at this level
24
Q

Name 4 superior structures in the level of pyramid decussation

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Fasciculus gracilis and fasciculus cuneatus
    -Nucleus gracilis and nucleas cuneatus
25
In level of pyramid decussation where does the fasciculus gracilis and fasciculus cuneatus ascend to
- Ascend posteriorly to the central gray matter
26
In the level of pyramid decussation what does the nucleus gracilis and nucleus cuneatus appear as
Posterior extensions of the central gray matter
27
In the level of pyramid decussation where is the substantia gelatinosa found
Posterior grey column of the spinal cord
28
Where does the level of the olives pass through
- Inferior part of the fourth ventricle
29
In the level of olives why does the grey matter increase
Due to the presence of : - Olivary nuclear complex -Nuclei of vesibulocochlear (CN VIII), (glossopharyngeal), CN X (vagus), CN XI (accessory), and CN XII (hypoglossal) -Arcuate nuclei
30
Describe the structure of the inferior olivary nucleus
- Largest nucleus, shaped like a crumpled bag
31
What does the inferiro olivary nucles create + where does it send fibers into
Creates the elevation on the surface called the olive - Sends fibers across the middline into the cerbellum
32
What is the functuon of the inferior olivary nucleus in the level of the olives
Voluntary muscle movement coordination
33
What does the vestibulocochlear nuclei include
- Medial, inferior,lateral and superior vestibular nuclei
34
What does the nucleus Ambiguus in level of olvies contain + what does it give rise to
- Contains large motor neurons -Gives rise to fibers for cranial nevres 9,10,11
35
Where is the central grey matter located in level of olives
Beneath the floor of the 4 ventricle
36
In level of olive, what does arcuate nuclei recieve fibers from + where is sit situated
- Recieves fibers from the cerebral cortec -Situated on the anterior surfaxe of the pyramids
37
Where is Pons located
- Anterior to the cerebellum
38
What does the pons connect
It connects the medulla oblongata to the midbrain
39
What structue is named for its bridge like apperance
- Pons
40
What type of fibers does the Pons have on its anterior surface + the function of it
Transverse fibers - It forms the middle cerebellar peduncle
41
Name the nerves that emerge between the pons and medulla oblongata on the anterior surface of the Pons
- Abducens, facia; and vestibulocochlear nerves
42
What is the posterior surface of the pons hidden by
- Cerebellum
43
What is the posterior surface of the pons bound laterally by+ what is it divided by
Superior cerebellar peduncles divided by median sulcus
44
On the posterior surface of the pons, what gives the sulcus limutans a bluish-gray colour
- Substantia ferruginea
45
What is the internal structure of the pons divided into+ seperated h=by
- Posterior(tegmentum) and anterior part (basal part) -Seperated by trapeziod body
46
What 2 levels is the pons studied at and where
- Caudal pons - at the facial colliculus -Cranial pons - at the trigeminal nuclei

Medicine Sem 2 (45 decks)

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