Flashcards in Comp Exam Deck (50):
1
What does the lateral fissure separate?
temporal lobe from frontal and parietal lobe
2
What does longitudinal fissure separate?
into two hemisphere
3
What does the central sulcus separate?
the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe
4
What are the lobes?
frontal
parietal
temporal
occipital
insular
limbic
5
Parts of the frontal lobe:
precentral gyrus
prefrontal cortex
Broca's area
6
Precentral gyrus:
primary motor cortex for voluntary muscle activation
7
Prefrontal cortex:
controls emotions and judgments
8
Broca's area:
controls motor aspects of speech
9
Parts of parietal lobe:
postcentral gyrus
receives fibers conveying touch, proprioception, pain and temp. sensations from opposite side of body
10
Postcentral gyrus:
primary sensory cortex for integration of sensation
11
Parts of temporal lobe:
primary auditory cortex
associative auditory cortex
Wenicke's area
12
Primary auditory cortex:
receives/processes auditory stimuli
13
Associative auditory cortex:
processes auditory stimuli
14
Wernicke's area:
language comprehension
15
Parts of occipital lobe:
primary visual cortex
visual association cortex
16
Primary visual cortex:
receives/processes visual stimuli
17
Visual association cortex:
processes visual stimuli
18
What is the insula associated with and where is it locakted?
visceral functions
located in lateral sulcus
19
What is the limbic system concerned with?
instincts and emotions contributing to preservation of individual
20
Basic functions the limbic system is concerned with?
feeding, aggression, emotions and endocrine aspects of sexual response.
21
Where is white matter located?
myelinated nerve fibers located centrally
22
Transverse (commussural fibers)
interconnect 2 hemisphere
23
Projection fibers
connect cerebral hemispheres w/other portions of brain and spinal cord
24
Association fibers:
connect different portions of cerebral hemispheres, allowing cortex to function as an integrated whole
25
What is included in the basal ganglia?
striatum
globus pallidus
subthalamic nucleus and substantia nigra
26
Anterior horn:
efferent (motor) neurons
27
Posterior horn:
afferent (sensory) neurons
28
Dorsal column (DCML)
convey proprioception, vibration, and tactile discriminatino
29
Spinothalamic tract:
sensations of pain and temperature (lateral spinothalamic)
and crude touch (anterior spinothalamic)
30
Spinocerebellar tract:
proprioception from muscle spindles, Golgi tendon organs and touch and pressure receptors for control of voluntary movement
31
Spinoreticular tracts;
deep and chronic pain to reticular formation
32
Ascending tracts:
DCML
Spinothalamic
Spinocerebellar
Spinoreticular
33
Descending tracts:
corticospinal tracts
vestibulospinal tracts
rubrospinal tracts
reticulospinal tract
tectospinal tract
34
Corticospinal tract:
arise from primary motor corect
35
Vestibulospinal tract:
arise from vestibular nucleus
control of muscle tone, antigravity muscles and postural reflexes
36
Rubrospinal tract:
assist in motor function
37
Reticulospinal system:
modifies transmission of sensationm especially pain
38
Tectospinal tract:
assists in head turning and responses to visual stimuli
39
Autonomic nervous system:
involuntary structures:
smooth muscle, heart, glands
maintains homeostatsis
40
Divisions of ANS:
sympathetic
parasympathetic
41
Sympathetic:
fight or flight
arises T1-L2
42
Parasympathetic:
craniosacral, CN III, VII, IX, X, pelvic nerves
rest and digest
43
Autonomic plexuses:
cardiac, pulmonary, celiac, hypogastric, pelvic
44
Circle of Willis:
anterior communicating artery
two anterior cerebral arteries
posterior communicating artery
connecting each posterior and middle cerebral artery
45
Alpha nerve fibers:
proprioception, somatic motor
46
Beta nerve fibers:
touch, pressure
47
Gamma nerve fibers:
motor to muscle spindles
48
Delta nerve fibers:
pain, temperature, touch
49
B fibers:
small, myelinated, conduct less rapidly
50