CONNECTIVE TISSUE (Lecture 5) Flashcards
main functions of connective tissue
- structural framework of the body
- conducts and translates muscle contractions into movement
- forms stroma (structural framework) of glands and organs
- the site of fat and mineral storage
- site of metabolic exchange
Characteristics of the CT
- low cell density
- extensive ECM
- varies w/ functional demands, lots of specialized kinds - highly vascular
- most retain stem/mitotic cells
- aids in tissue growth / regeneration
composition of CT
- cells (few)
- ECM
- ground substance
- fibers (collagen, elastin)
-collagen
what type of collagen in the most common
type one
characteristic of type 1 collagen
highest tensile strength
type of collagen that is composed of slender fibrils found in cartilage
type II collagen
type of collagen made of reticular fibers, functions to filter fluid
type III collagen
do elastic fibers branch
no
example of a cell that originate in and then permanently resides in CT
fibroblasts
example of cells that develop somewhere else then migrate into CT to perform their functions (most cells do develop elsewhere then move into CT)
host defense, WBCs, mast cells, macrophages, plasma cells, leukocytes
fibrocytes are ______ derived and transform in tissues into _______
fibrocytes are BONE MARROW derived and transform into FIBROBLASTS
fibrocytes (lnactive) –> fibroblasts (active)
elastin fibers usually accompany ______
collagen
elastic fiber makeup and characteristics
made of a core of elastin surrounded by a sheath of microfibrils
- impact elasticity and tensile strength
2 types of adipocytes
unilocular (white fat)
multilocular (brown fat)
Unilocular (white fat) characteristics/function
- white, spheroid cells
- Synthesize and store fat as a SINGLE lipid inclusion
- signet ring appearance
Multilocular (brown fat) characteristics/function
- fat stored in MULTIPLE lipid inclusions
- have more mitochondria
- heat production
*found in infant mammals
long-living cells that originate in bone marrow then migrate out, usually involved in host defense
macrophages (clean up crew)
**precursors are monocytes
macrophages develop from precursors, ________
monocytes
transient cell
express the foreign gene but do not integrate it into their genome
ex: plasma cells
function, location, and characteristics of plasma cells
- Synthesize and secrete antibodies
- found in GI and respiratory tract
- eccentric nucleus (off to the side of cell)
- lots of w/ euchromatin (active DNA)
4 general types of connective tissue
- Loose
- Dense
- dense irregular
- dense regular - Adipose
- Reticular
type of CT that is:
- sparse, loosely arranged fibers, ‘open’
- has an abundance of ground substance
Loose (areolar) CT
type of CT that is:
- primarily beneath the epithelium
-the primary site of immune and inflammatory reactions
Loose (areolar) CT
type of CT that
- has an abundance of bundled fiber, ‘compact’
- little ground substance
- regular or irregular
- directionality of tensile strength
Dense CT
