control of blood glucose concentration Flashcards
(16 cards)
Which organ maintains blood glucose level?
Liver
Which organ detects a rise in blood glucose?
Pancreas beta cells
Which hormone is secreted?
Insulin
How does this hormone travel?
In the blood
What does insulin attach to?
Specific target receptors on the liver and muscle cells
What happens after insulin attaches to its receptors?
Increase permeability of target cells to glucose so more channel proteins open allowing glucose to enter
What else does insulin activate?
Enzymes which convert glucose into glycogen
What is this process called?
Glycogenesis
Which organ detects a decrease in blood glucose concentration?
Pancreas alpha cells
Which hormone is secreted when blood glucose decreases?
Glucagon
Where does glucagon travel?
In the blood
Where does glucagon attach?
Target cells on the liver
What does glucagon activate?
Enzymes that convert glycogen back into glucose
What is this process called?
Glycogenolysis
What happens when there’s no glycogen left?
Glucagon activates enzyme which converts amino acids and glycerol into glucose
What is this process called?
Gluconeogenesis
