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First Year > Core Drugs > Flashcards

Core Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What is the mechanism of action of B2 agonists?

A

Bind to G coupled B2 receptors, which causes bronchodilation

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2
Q

What is an example of a short acting B2 agonist?

A

Salbutamol

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3
Q

What is an example of a long acting B2 agonist?

A

Salmeterol or Formeterol

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4
Q

What are some side effects of B2 agonists?

A

Tachycardia, arrhythmia, hypokalemia, tremor, anxiety and sometimes paroxysmal spasms with LABA

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5
Q

What is the mechanism of action of muscarinic antagonists?

A

Prevents Ach from binding to muscarinic receptors, which dilates airways from their basal state of constriction and reduces mucous production

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6
Q

What type of muscarinic antagonist is ipratropium?

A

Short acting and non selective (binds to M1, M2 and M3 receptors)

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7
Q

What type of muscarinic antagonist is tiotropium?

A

Long acting and selective (only binds to M3/Gq coupled receptors)

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8
Q

What are some side effects of muscarinic antagonists?

A

Dry mouth, retention, constipation

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9
Q

What is the action of steroids?

A

Reduce inflammation of the bronchial mucosa

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10
Q

What are some examples of steroids?

A

Beclometasone, Fluticasone

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11
Q

What are some side effects of steroids?

A

Thrush, systemic absorption

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12
Q

What is the mechanism of action of xanthines?

A

Reduce bronchial restriction by inhibiting phosphodiesterase

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13
Q

What are some examples of xanthines?

A

Aminothylline, Theophylline

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14
Q

What are some side effects of xanthines?

A

Arrthymias, GI upset

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15
Q

What is the mechanism of action of leukotriene receptor antagonists?

A

Reduces inflammation in the airways by blocking the actions of Leukotrines, which are an inflammatory mediator

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16
Q

What are some examples of leukotriene receptor antagonists?

A

Montelukast

17
Q

What are some side effects of leukotriene receptor antagonists?

A

GI upset, low mood

18
Q

What is the mechanism of action of omalizumab?

A

Monoclonal IgE

19
Q

What drug class does omalizumab belong to?

A

Immunotherapy

20
Q

When is omalizumab used?

A

In those with severe, non responsive allergic asthma

First Year (71 decks)

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