Resp Anatomy

Question 1

Where do you auscultate anteriorly for the apex of the lung?

Answer 1

Above the clavicle

Question 2

Where do you auscultate anteriorly for the right and left upper lobes of the lung?

Answer 2

2nd Intercostal space

Question 3

Where do you auscultate anteriorly for the right middle lobe and left upper lobe of the lung?

Answer 3

4th Intercostal space

Question 4

Where do you auscultate anteriorly for the right and left lower lobes of the lung?

Answer 4

Midaxillary at 6th Intercostal space

Question 5

Where do you auscultate posteriorly for the apex of the lung?

Answer 5

Above the scapulae

Question 6

Where do you auscultate posteriorly for the right and left upper lobes of the lung?

Answer 6

C7 to T3

Question 7

Where do you auscultate posteriorly for the right and left lower lobes of the lung?

Answer 7

T3 to T10

Question 8

Where do you auscultate for lung bases?

Answer 8

Scapular line at T11 level

Question 9

Where is Tracheal breath sounds heard?

Answer 9

Over the trachea (just above the subclavicular notch)

Question 10

Where is Bronchial breath sounds heard?

Answer 10

Over the manubrium (just above th clavicle)

Question 11

Where is Bronchovesticular breath sounds heard?

Answer 11

1st and 2nd Intercostal spaces next to the sternum and between the scapula

Question 12

Where is Vesicular breath sounds heard?

Answer 12

Over most of the lung fields

Question 13

What is the inspiratory:expiratory ratio during Tracheal breath sounds?

Answer 13

Equal

Question 14

What is the inspiratory:expiratory ratio during Bronchial breath sounds?

Answer 14

Inspiratory is shorter than expiratory

Question 15

What is the inspiratory:expiratory ratio during Bronchovesticular breath sounds?

Answer 15

Equal

Question 16

What is the inspiratory:expiratory ratio during Vesicular breath sounds?

Answer 16

Inspiratory is longer than expiratory

Question 17

What is the intensity and pitch of Tracheal breath sounds?

Answer 17

Very loud, high pitch

Question 18

What is the intensity and pitch of Bronchial breath sounds?

Answer 18

Loud, relatively high pitch

Question 19

What is the intensity and pitch of Bronchovesticular breath sounds?

Answer 19

Medium loudness, intermediate pitch

Question 20

What is the intensity and pitch of Vesicular breath sounds?

Answer 20

Soft, relatively low pitch

Question 21

Where is the horizontal fissure of the right lung?

Answer 21

At the level of rib 4

Question 22

Where is the oblique fissures of the left and right lungs?

Answer 22

At the level of rib 6 anteriorly, rising to the level of T3 posteriorly

Question 23

When does the larynx become the trachea?

Answer 23

At C6 level

Question 24

Where is the sternal angle found?

Answer 24

At the level of the 2nd costal cartilage on either side, and the level between the fourth and fifth thoracic vertebra

Question 25

What is the anatomical importance of the sternal angle?

Answer 25

It is used as a landmark for the following anatomical features: - Beginning and the end of the arch of the aorta - Branching of the pulmonary trunk. - Bifurcation of the trachea.

Question 26

What is the clinical importance of the sternal angle?

Answer 26

Is used to identify the 2nd rib and the remaining ribs.

Question 27

Where is the xiphoid process found?

Answer 27

It is the most distal part of the sternum, situated at T9 level

Question 28

Where do the anterior intercostal arteries originate?

Answer 28

The internal thoracic artery

Question 29

Where do the posterior intercostal arteries originate?

Answer 29

The aorta

Question 30

Where do the anterior intercostal veins drain?

Answer 30

Into the internal thoracic veins

Question 31

Where do the posterior intercostal veins drain?

Answer 31

Into the azygous vein

Question 32

From superior to inferior, what are intercostal neurovascular bundles comprised of?

Answer 32

Vein, artery & nerve (VAN)

Question 33

Where is the Caval opening of the diaphragm located?

Answer 33

At T8 level

Question 34

What is the purpose of the Caval opening?

Answer 34

Allows the inferior vena cava and the right phrenic nerve branches to pass through

Question 35

Where is the Esophageal opening of the diaphragm located?

Answer 35

At T10 level

Question 36

What is the purpose of the Esophageal opening?

Answer 36

Transmits the esophagus, vagus nerves, and the small esophageal arteries

Question 37

Where is the aortic opening of the diaphragm located?

Answer 37

At T12 level

Question 38

What is the purpose of the aortic opening?

Answer 38

Allows the aorta, thoracic duct, and the azygos vein to pass through

Question 39

What is meant by the phrase 'I ate 10 eggs at 12'?

Answer 39

I 8= inferior vena cava pierce at T8, 10 Eggs= Esophagus pierces at T10 , At 12 = Aorta pierces at T12

Question 40

What type of muscle is the diaphragm?

Answer 40

Skeletal

Question 41

What innervates the diaphragm?

Answer 41

The phrenic nerve

Question 42

What is the phrenic nerve comprised of?

Answer 42

The anterior rami of C3, C4 and C5

Question 43

What type of neurons are the anterior rami?

Answer 43

Motor

Question 44

What type of neurons are the posterior rami?

Answer 44

Sensory

Question 45

What does the long thoracic nerve supply?

Answer 45

The serratus anterior muscle

Question 46

What does paralysis of the long thoracic nerve result in?

Answer 46

Winged scapula

Question 47

What makes up the group of blood vessels either side of the sternum?

Answer 47

The internal thoracic artery and a pair of veins

Question 48

What is the most inferior part of the pleural cavity?

Answer 48

The costodiaphragmatic recess

Question 49

What is the most inferior part of the costodiaphragmatic recess?

Answer 49

The costophrenic angle

Question 50

What is meant by the term 'blunting of angles'?

Answer 50

Fluid build up in the costophrenic angle

Question 51

What does the term 'blunting of angles' indicate?

Answer 51

Pleural effusion

Question 52

What is the ‘tongue’ of the superior lobe of the left lung is called?

Answer 52

The Lingula

Question 53

Where is the cephalic vein located?

Answer 53

The delto-pectoral groove

Question 54

Where does the trachea bifurcate?

Answer 54

At the level of the sternal angle