Corrective Shoeing, Diagnosing Lameness Flashcards Preview

RUSVM Large Animal Surgery > Corrective Shoeing, Diagnosing Lameness > Flashcards

Flashcards in Corrective Shoeing, Diagnosing Lameness Deck (44)
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1
Q

The hoof-pastern angle in the front should be ____ degrees

A

50˚

2
Q

What condition is seen in this horse?

A

Stringhalt

3
Q

T/F: It is important to perform flexion tests before observation at exercise or hoof testers

A

False

Always perform flexion tests AFTER palpation, observation at exercise, and hoof testers

4
Q

What instrument is this?

A

rasp

5
Q

If a horse’s lameness is consistently observable at a trot under all circumstances, this is considered a Grade ____ lameness

A

Grade 3

6
Q

A horse presents to your clinic with a heel laceration. Weeks later, it presents again with this and you’re all like “damn, that’s nasty as shit. But I do know what it is. It’s ____________”

A

exuberant granulation tissue (proud flesh)

7
Q

What nerves are blocked with a low 4-point nerve block?

A
  • lat/med palmar metacarpal nn.
  • lat/med palmar nn.
8
Q

What nerves are blocked with an abaxial nerve block?

A

palmar digital nerves

(just more proximally than the PD nerve block)

9
Q

What instrument is being used here?

A

alligator clincher

10
Q

What type of shoe is shown here?

A

full bar shoe

11
Q

What are the clinical signs of a solar abscess?

A
  • Lameness
  • Thumping digital pulse
  • Draining tract at coronary band
  • Swelling
12
Q

Thrush is a degenerative condition of the __________

A

Thrush is a degenerative condition of the frog

13
Q

Laminitis becomes chronic after ____ hours of continual pain or when rotation of the distal phalanx occurs

A

Laminitis becomes chronic after 48 hours of continual pain or when rotation of the distal phalanx occurs

14
Q

What nerves are blocked with a PD nerve block?

A

Palmar digital nerves

15
Q

What instrument is this?

A

clinch cutter

16
Q

What are thoooooooose?

A

hoof nippers

17
Q

Identify the abnormality

A

“Ski-tipped” coffin bone

18
Q

What tool is shown in this image?

A

hoof testers

19
Q

T/F: In the hindlimb, the head goes down when the lame limb bears weight

A

True!

This is true for the hindlimb. Note that this is NOT the case for forelimb lameness!

20
Q

What is the most common cause of lameness in the horse?

A

solar abscess

21
Q

What instrument is this?

A

hoof knife

22
Q

What is causing the gait abnormality shown here?

(sorry for the choppy gif)

A

upward fixation of the patella (UFP)

*This can sometimes look similar to Stringhalt*

23
Q

Where should the nails be placed in the shoe?

A

At the white line, cranial to the widest part of the hoof

Nail should NOT be driven in more caudally than the widest part of hoof wall b/c will interfere with the hoof wall mechanism ​

24
Q

What type of shoe is shown here?

A

heart bar shoe

Allows for better distribution of weight along the whole foot, Supports the frog

25
Q

This lameness is pathognomonic for what condition?

A

upward fixation of the patella

26
Q

How do you diagnose solar abscesses?

A
  • Hoof testers
  • Sterile probe in draining tract
  • Rads (fistulography)
27
Q

If a horse has an obvious lameness with marked head nod, hitching, shortened stride, this is considered a Grade ____ lameness

A

Grade 4

28
Q

What does it mean if the nail is “quickened”?

A

The nail goes through the sensitive lamina (bleeding around it)​

29
Q

What are the treatment options for chronic laminitis?

A
  • Therapeutic shoeing
  • Dorsal hoof wall resection
  • Deep digital flexor tenotomy
  • Euthanasia
30
Q

How often does a horses hoof need to be trimmed?

A

every 4-6 weeks

31
Q

When shoeing, you’ll use clinch cutters or a rasp to create a groove just below the nail tip for the end of the nail to be bent into. What is this groove called?

A

clinch bed

32
Q

What does it mean if the nail is “nail bound”?

A

The end of the nail doesn’t come out of the hoof

33
Q

The hoof-pastern angle in the front should be ____ degrees

A

50˚

34
Q

A horse presents to you with a grade 3/5 RF lameness. Which of the following would be expected as you watch the horse in motion?

  • Head nod down when the RF is in contact with the ground
  • Head nod down when the LF is in contact with the ground
A

Head nod down when the LF is in contact with the ground​

35
Q

T/F: Lameness is graded when the horse is walking

A

False

Lameness is graded at the TROT

36
Q

What instrument is this?

A

alligator clincher

37
Q

When performing a pre-purchase evaluation (PPE), what party are you working for?

A

the buyer

38
Q

This lameness is pathognomonic for what condition?

A

fibrotic myopathy

Fibrotic myopathy is fibrosis of the semimembranosus, semitendinosus causing a mechanical-type lameness​

39
Q

What type of shoeing will help treat navicular disease?

A

shoe with elevated heel

40
Q

What’s wrong with this picture?

A

The vet is on the opposite side of the horse than the handler

They should be on the same side

41
Q

How fast does a horses hoof grow?

A

~6 mm/month

42
Q

Where does the hoof grow from?

A

perioplic corium

43
Q

The lateral palmar nerve block blocks the origin of the __________

A

suspensory ligament

44
Q

How long does it take for the hoof to grow from the coronet to the toe?

A

1 year