Nose Rings, Dehorning, Tracheal Collapse Flashcards Preview

RUSVM Large Animal Surgery > Nose Rings, Dehorning, Tracheal Collapse > Flashcards

Flashcards in Nose Rings, Dehorning, Tracheal Collapse Deck (17)
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1
Q

Identify this instrument:

A

Roberts Dehorner (aka tube gouge)

Used for very young animals (<2 weeks old or something like that)

2
Q

Identify this instrument:

A

Barnes Dehorner

Used on animals 3 months to 1 year of age

3
Q

Identify this big-ass instrument:

A

Keystone dehorner

  • >3 ft handles - very large
  • Guillotine cutting with 2 opposing blades that cut the horn when 2 handles are brought together - very sharp cutting blades
  • Need to remove base and remove some of skin (1cm) to prevent regrowth
4
Q

What is a major advantage of using obstetric wire for dehorning?

A

cauterization

Can move fast enough to generate friction, which cauterizes and stops the bleeding

5
Q

What is the primary complication associated with dehorning?

A

hemorrhage

  • Complications of dehorning:
    • ​Hemorrhage: most common [arteries may need to be pulled or ligated]
    • Infection [acute sinusitis]
6
Q

What are the disadvantages of cosmetic dehorning?

A
  • More time consuming, more complex
  • Expensive
  • Sterile technique must be practiced because potential for drainage is eliminated
7
Q

T/F: Polledness is a dominant trait

A

True

Polledness is a dominant autosomal trait

8
Q

What instrument is most commonly used for cosmetic dehorning?

A

Barnes dehorner

  • Clip upper part of head, surgical prep, block
  • Large elliptical incision around the horn
  • Undermine skin
  • Barne’s dehorner
  • Closure of skin over sinuses – must make symmetrical - nonabsorbable suture material and close skin over frontal sinus
9
Q

What is the most common cause of sinusitis in equine patients?

A

tooth root abscess

10
Q

What is the most common cause of sinusitis in cattle?

A

dehorning

11
Q

At what age do we typically see tracheal collapse in equine and bovine patients?

A

YOUNG patients

Typically seen in calves and foals as a result of traumatic injury. There is usually a history of dystocia, broken ribs, compresion in the birth canal

12
Q

What are the main physical exam findings associated with tracheal collapse in large animals?

A
  • Inspiratory and expiratory dyspnea
  • Poor body condition
  • Rib, cranial fractures (forced extraction at birth)
13
Q

How are these used for tracheal collapse in large animals?

A

extraluminal tracheal prosthesis

  • Stent using 35 to 65ml syringe barrel - size of syringe depends on size of trachea and age of the animal
  • Surgery done with animal in dorsal recumbency
  • Place syringe barrel around the trachea (after smoothing the barrel and placing holes in it for suture tying)
  • May need to remove 2-3 months after placement to allow for unrestricted growth – may lead to collapse in other segments
  • Treated calves may be smaller than herd mates
  • May need to replace with larger stent - as animal grows, so does trachea, but prosthesis does not - may need a second surgery
14
Q

T/F: Until 2 months of age, the horn bud is not attached to the skull

A

True

Until 2 months of age the horn bud is not attached to the periosteum of the frontal bone

15
Q

In calves between 4 and 6 months of age, the __________ sinus opens into the horn

A

In calves between 4 and 6 months of age, the frontal sinus opens into the horn

16
Q

What nerve(s) need to be blocked for dehorning in the goat?

A

infratrochlear and lacrimal

Cornual branch of the infratrochlear nerve and the cornual branch of the lacrimal nerve

17
Q

What nerve(s) need to be blocked for dehorning in the cow?

A

cornual nerve