Cs

Question 1

Using 8 bits of binary: What is the smallest (denary) number you can store?

Answer 1

0

Question 2

Using 8 bits of binary: What is the largest (denary) number you can store?

Answer 2

255

Question 3

Using 8 bits of binary: How many individual values can we have?

Answer 3

256

Question 4

How do we convert binary to denary?

Answer 4

First write down the values of each digit above.
Then figure out which ones are on/ have that value
In this 10110010 is 128+32+16+2 so you add them making it 178

Question 5

How do we convert Hex to binary?

Answer 5

You first split a hex code such as 7A into 7 and A and split the 8 bits of the 8 bit binary into 2 4 bits.
Then you figure it out so 7 is 0111 and A is 10 so it will be 1010
Then you put them together making 01111010

Question 6

How do we convert denary to hex?

Answer 6

For a number such as 167. Convert it to binary by figuring seeing if it divides into each number so it divides into 128 so it is
10000000, 39 does not divide into 64. 32 does so it is,10100000, 7 doesn’t get divided by 16 and doesn’t get divided by 8 but does by 4 then 3 then 2 then 1 so it is,10100111
Then split them into 2 4bits and figure out the value in hex with A=10 B=11 C=12 D=13 E=14 F=15
A7

Question 7

What is meant by the term “character set”

Answer 7

A way that the computer uses a preset way of converting data into something it can understand

Question 8

ASCII vs UNICODE

Answer 8

ASCII and UNICODE are 2 different ways of interpreting data into characters however we mostly use unicode todays because it has more characters such as emojis

Question 9

Abstraction

Answer 9

Specifically thinking of a certain task whilst ignoring other items to focus on the task

Question 10

Decomposition

Answer 10

Decomposition is breaking down tasks into even simpler tasks

Question 11

Sequence

Answer 11

The specific order of logical steps to conduct a specific task

Question 12

Selection

Answer 12

Using information given to pick a path in the code and ignoring another part of the code

Question 13

Iteration

Answer 13

When you repeat a task again and again until a certain factor is true/false and/or a certain amount of times it has happened

Question 14

When drawing a flowchart how do you always start and end the algorithm?

Answer 14

The terminator

Question 15

What connects the objects in a flowchart?

Answer 15

Arrows

Question 16

Other than a decision, how many arrows come out of objects?

Answer 16

1

Question 17

What are the titles of the two arrows that come out of a decision?

Answer 17

Yes/no or true/false though try to use yes/no

Question 18

variable

Answer 18

A named storage location that can hold bits of data

Question 19

What data type would be a students name

Answer 19

String

Question 20

What data type would be the value of pi to 5 dp.

Answer 20

Float

Question 21

What data type would be the input of a light switch

Answer 21

Boolean

Question 22

What data type would be the number of pens owned?

Answer 22

Integer

Question 23

Primary storage

Answer 23

Storage that is used for information that needs to be used quickly so can be retrieved quickly by the CPU

Question 24

Secondary Storage

Answer 24

Storage that is used for long term storing and is not volatile like primary storage

Question 25

RAM

Answer 25

Random Access Memory, It is where information is stored to be used soon however the data can be destroyed if the CPU is turned off.

Question 26

ROM

Answer 26

Read Only Memory, memory that is stored to be permanently there but it can’t be changed

Question 27

Magnetic storage

Answer 27

A storage method that requires drivers to read the data. It is stored on rigid rapidly rotating platters.

Question 28

Solid state storage

Answer 28

Storage that is done onto items such as flash memory chips allowing them to be taken from one computer to another privately.

Question 29

Optical storage

Answer 29

Data that is stored on a disc and can be written and read using a laser

Question 30

CU

Answer 30

The “brain” of the CPU. It is used to orchestrate the processes inside the CPU.(Stands for Control Unit)

Question 31

ALU

Answer 31

It performs the arithmetic and logic operations

Question 32

Accumulator

Answer 32

It is a type of register that is used to immediately store arithmetic and logic data made by the ALU.

Question 33

Registers

Answer 33

There are several registers in every core of a CPU. It is used to store data and instructions

Question 34

Clock

Answer 34

The clock coordinates all the computer components and synchronises calculations

Question 35

Buses

Answer 35

They are key for transferring data, instructions and control signals with there being 3 main types of address, data, and control.