CVS and lymphatic systems - Anatomy

Question 1

What are the functions of the CVS?

Answer 1

Transport
Transmit force
Transport heat
Regulate blood pressure

Question 2

What are the components of the CVS?

Answer 2

Heart
Blood
Vessels

Question 3

What are the 3 layers that make up arteries and veins?

Answer 3

Tunica intima
Tunica media
Tunica adventitia

Question 4

What is the tunica intima? What is it made of?

Answer 4

It is the first layer
Its made of endothelial cells on connective tissue
It is very smooth

Question 5

What is the tunica media? What is it made of?

Answer 5

The middle layer
It is made of smooth muscle
It contains some elastic fibres
Nerves from sympathetic autonomic nervous system

Question 6

What is the tunica adventitia? What is it made of?

Answer 6

It is the outer layer

It is made up of fibrous connective tissue

Question 7

What do veins have that make them unique?

Answer 7

Valves
Much larger lumen
Tunica adventitia is most prominent

Question 8

What is used to regulate capillary networks?

Answer 8

Precapillary sphincters

Question 9

What is a portal system?

Answer 9

When blood flows through 2 different capillary beds before returning to the heart

Question 10

What is anastomosis?

Answer 10

When there is more than one way for blood to flow, alternative route

Question 11

Where are arterio-arterial anastomoses often found?

Answer 11

In joints where bending cuts off blood flow

Question 12

What is the name of the fibrous serous sac that covers the heart?

Answer 12

Pericardium

Question 13

What are the 3 layers of the pericardium?

Answer 13

Visceral pericardium - inner layer (epicardium)
Parietal pericardium - outer layer
Fibrous pericardium

Question 14

What are the 3 layers of the heart wall?

Answer 14

Endocardium - smooth inner surface
Myocardium - cardiac muscle that contracts
Epicardium - outer layer

Question 15

What are the heart valves made from?

Answer 15

Folds of endocardium

Question 16

Which is the bicuspid valve?

Answer 16

The left valve

Question 17

Which is the tricuspid valve?

Answer 17

The right valve

Question 18

What is heart contraction called?

Answer 18

Systole

Question 19

What is heart relaxation called?

Answer 19

Diastole

Question 20

What are the 3 functions of the lymphatic system?

Answer 20

Drains tissue fluid
Absorbs and transports fat
Defence - immune system

Question 21

What is lymph?

Answer 21

Same as blood plasma

Question 22

What are the largest lymphatic vessels?

Answer 22

Thoracic duct

Right lymphatic duct

Question 23

How is lymph pushed through vessels?

Answer 23

Movement of surrounding tissues squeezing

Question 24

What are lymph nodes?

Answer 24

Biological filters

Question 25

What are the primary lymphoid organs in the lymphoreticular system?

Answer 25

Bone marrow | Thymus

Question 26

What are the secondary lymphoid organs in the lymphoreticular system?

Answer 26

Spleen Tonsils Lymph nodes

Question 27

What is the middle of the lymph node called?

Answer 27

Medulla

Question 28

What forms the framework in the lymph node?

Answer 28

Trabeculae

Question 29

What are the sinuses in the lymph node?

Answer 29

A series of open spaces

Question 30

What are the areas that release lymphocytes called?

Answer 30

Germinal centres

Question 31

What is the lymph node surrounded by?

Answer 31

An outer connective tissue capsule

Question 32

What cells line the lymph node?

Answer 32

Phagocytic cells