Tissue structure and function

Question 1

What is the epithelium that lines the body cavities called?

Answer 1

Mesothelium

Question 2

What are the 3 types of simple epithelium?

Answer 2

Squamous
Cuboidal
Columnar

Question 3

Which simple epithelium can be ciliated?

Answer 3

Columnar

Question 4

Where is cuboidal tissue found?

Answer 4

Thyroid tissue
Kidney tubules
Salivary glands
Pancreas

Question 5

What is often the function of simple cuboidal epithelium?

Answer 5

Regulate the transport of specific substances across them

Question 6

Where can columnar epithelial cells be found?

Answer 6

Lining the duodenum

Question 7

What is the function of stratified squamous epithelium?

Answer 7

Protection, especially when keratinised

Question 8

Where can stratified squamous epithelium found?

Answer 8

Anywhere that gets a lot of wear eg. tongue or footpad

Question 9

What are the 2 different types of stratified epithelium?

Answer 9

Stratified squamous

Transitional

Question 10

Where can transitional epithelium be found?

Answer 10

In the urinary system

Question 11

What is special about transitional epithelium?

Answer 11

It can stretch and change shape

Question 12

What is the innermost layer of the transitional epithelium (exposed to urine) called?

Answer 12

Mucosa

Question 13

What is unique about pseudostratified epithelia?

Answer 13

It is only one cell thick but looks like more than one because of the varying locations of the cell nuclei
It is ciliated
It contains goblet cells for mucous

Question 14

Where is pseudostratified epithelia found?

Answer 14

In the trachea/respiratory systems

Question 15

What are the 3 main types of connective tissue?

Answer 15

Fibrous
Fibro-cellular
Matrical

Question 16

What is the main cell responsible for producing connective tissue?

Answer 16

Fibroblasts

Question 17

What are the 2 different types of fibrous connective tissue?

Answer 17

Collagenous

Elastic

Question 18

Where is collagenous fibrous connective tissue found?

Answer 18

In tendons

Question 19

Where is elastic fibrous connective tissue found?

Answer 19

In ligaments

Question 20

What is fibro-cellular connective tissue?

Answer 20

Pliable, mesh-like, less strong

Question 21

What are the 2 types of fibro-cellular connective tissue?

Answer 21

Areolar

Adipose

Question 22

Where is areolar connective tissue found and what is its function?

Answer 22

Subcutaneous - attaches skin to underlying structures

Question 23

What are mast cells?

Answer 23

A type of white blood cell that releases histamine

Question 24

What is the dominating cell type in adipose fibro-cellular connective tissue?

Answer 24

Adipocytes

Question 25

What are the 2 types of adipose tissue?

Answer 25

White and brown

Question 26

What does adipose tissue contain?

Answer 26

Fat/lipids

Question 27

Where is brown adipose tissue found?

Answer 27

Neonates/new-born animals

Question 28

What is matrical connective tissue?

Answer 28

Hard connective tissue | Bone and cartilage

Question 29

What type of collagen are bone and cartilage?

Answer 29

Bone - type 1 | Cartilage - type 2

Question 30

What are the 3 types of cartilage?

Answer 30

Hyaline Elastic Fibrocartilage

Question 31

What is the perichondrium?

Answer 31

A capsule that surrounds some cartilage structures that allows regeneration of cartilage

Question 32

What are the 2 layers of perichondrium?

Answer 32

Outer fibrous layer | Inner chondrogenic layer- can differentiate into cartilage

Question 33

Where is hyaline cartilage found?

Answer 33

In the trachea and at articular surfaces of joint

Question 34

What is a lacuna?

Answer 34

Where chondrocytes surround themselves with cartilage

Question 35

Why can't hyaline cartilage at the joint regenerate?

Answer 35

No perichondrium - leads to arthritis

Question 36

Where is elastic cartilage found?

Answer 36

In the epiglottis, ear and nose

Question 37

What is fibrocartilage?

Answer 37

The intermediate between fibrous collagenous connective tissue and hyaline cartilage

Question 38

How can you tell the difference between fibrous connective tissue and fibrocartilage?

Answer 38

Fibrocartilage contains chondrocytes rather than fibroblasts

Question 39

Where is fibrocartilage found?

Answer 39

Where tendons insert onto bone or cartilage Outer layer of intervertebral discs In the menisci

Question 40

What are menisci?

Answer 40

Cartilage cushions at some joints

Question 41

What is intramembranous ossification?

Answer 41

Forms flat bones | Doesn't need a cartilage template

Question 42

What is immature bone called?

Answer 42

Woven bone

Question 43

What is mature bone called?

Answer 43

Lamellar bone

Question 44

What is endochondral ossification?

Answer 44

When bone is formed from a cartilage template from growth plates