Dermatology

Question 1

Treatment for large strawberry naevus (camillary hemangiamo)

Answer 1

Propanolol

Question 2

Treatment for hyperhydrosis (excessive sweating)

Answer 2

Topical alluminium chloride
Iontophoresis (passing of a weak electric current through the skin)
Botox - licensed for axillary symptoms
Surgery - eg endoscopic transthroacic sympathectomy

Question 3

What is a normal ABPI?

Answer 3

Between 0.9 - 1.2

Question 4

ABPI in arterial disease

Answer 4

Below 0.9. Values above 1.3 can also indicate arterial disease secondary to calcification (eg in diabetes)

Question 5

Management of venous ulcers

Answer 5

Compression dresssing

Question 6

Management of seborrhoeic dermatitis

Answer 6

Topical ketoconazole

Question 7

What organism is associated with seborrhoec dermatitis

Answer 7

Malassezia

Question 8

Treatment for impetigo

Answer 8

Hydrogen peroxide 1% cream (first line)
Topical fusidic acid
Toppical mupirocin

Question 9

School exclusion for impetigo

Answer 9

Excluded until the lesions are crusted and healed or 48 hours after antibiotic treatment.

Question 10

Management of dermatitis herpetiformis

Answer 10

Gluten free diet
Dapsone

Question 11

Treatment fo pityriasus versicolor

Answer 11

Ketoconazole shampoo

Question 12

Organism causing pityriasis versicolol

Answer 12

Malessezia furfur

Question 13

4 main diagnostic criteria for Herediatroy haemorhagic telangiesctasia

Answer 13

1. Epistaxis
2. Telangiectasia
3. Visceral lesions
4. Family history

2 criteria - possible HHT. 3 or more - definite

Question 14

causes of scarring alopecia

Answer 14

Trauma, burns, radiotherapy, lichen planus discoid lupus, tinea capitus

Question 15

Causes of non scarring alopecia

Answer 15

male pattern baldness, Drugs (carbimazole, heparin, OCP, Colchicine) Iron and zinc deficiency, alopecia areate, telogen effluvium, trichotillomania

Question 16

Most common location for keloid scars

Answer 16

Sternum

Question 17

Treatment of keloid scars

Answer 17

Intra lesional steroids eg tramcinolone
Excision (but can cause worse scarring)

Question 18

Treatment of rosacea

Answer 18

Topical brimodine gel (patients with predominant flushing and minimal telangiectasia) - used on an as requried basis and reduces redness within 30 minutes
Topical ivermectin
Topical metronidazole or topical azelaci acid.
Severe - Topical ivermectin + oral doxycycline
Laser therapy

Question 19

Skin disorder that causes itch and a rash often polygonal in shape with a white lines pattern on the surface. Also causes a white lace pattern on buccal muscosa

Answer 19

Lichen planus

Question 20

Management of lichen planus

Answer 20

Potent topical steroids
Benzydamine mouthwash for oral lichen planus

Question 21

Causes of erythema nodosum

Answer 21

Infection (streptococci, TB, brucellosis)
Sarcoidosis
IBD
bechets
Malignancy/lymphoma
Drugs - penicillin, sulphonamides, COCP, pregnancy

Question 22

Treatment for actinic keratosis

Answer 22

Flurouracil cream
Topical diclofenac
Topical imiquimod
Cryotherapy
Curettage and cauthery

Question 23

Investigation for suspected allergic contact dermatitis

Answer 23

Patch testing

Question 24

Treatment for post wine stains

Answer 24

laser therapy

Question 25

Treatment for alopecia areata

Answer 25

Topical or intralesional corticosteroids Topical minoxidil Phototherapy Dithranol and in 80 - 90% eventually hair will regrow in 50% of patients in 1 year

Question 26

Treatment for chronic plaque psoriasis

Answer 26

1. Potent corticoteroid + vitamin D analogue (should be applied seprately) If no improvement after 8 weeks 2. Vitamin D analagoue 2 x daily If no improvement after 8 - 12 weeks 3. Potent corticosteroid applied 2 x daily for up to 4 weeks or a coal tar preparation Short acting dithranol Phototherapy Systemic therapy - methotrexate, ciclosporin, biologics, retinoids

Question 27

Management of scalp psoriasis

Answer 27

Potent topical corticosteroud

Question 28

Management of face, flexural or genital psoriasis

Answer 28

Mild or moderate potency corticosteroud applied once or twice daily

Question 29

managment of bullous pemphigoid

Answer 29

Oral corticosteroids

Question 30

What does the skin biopsy for bullous pemphigoid show

Answer 30

IgG and C3 at the dermoepidermal junction

Question 31

Treatment of scabies

Answer 31

Permethrin 5% Malathion 0.5%

Question 32

Factors that exacerbate psoriasis

Answer 32

Trauma Alcohol Drugs (beta blockers, lithium, antimalarial, NSAIDS, ACE inhibitos. infliximab

Question 33

What is koilonychia

Answer 33

Spoon shaped nails caused by iron deficiency

Question 34

What is pemphigoid gestationis?

Answer 34

Autoimmune blistering disorder specific to pregnancy. Occurs in the 2nd or 3rd trimester and characterised by intensly itchy urticarial plaques that progress to tense vesicles. Initial lesions in the periumbilical region are characteristic. Causes by antibodies affecting the basement membrane zone.

Question 35

What is pompholyx eczema?

Answer 35

Vesicular hand dermatitis common in young adults and is related to sweating

Question 36

What is a curlings ulcer?

Answer 36

An acute peptic stress ulcer that can occue after severe burns,