Dietary Supplements

Question 1

Folic acid 600mcg DFE =

Answer 1

400mcg of folic acid daily, the RDA for women in child-bearing years

Question 2

What OTC drug is an

• inducer
• serotonergic (not to be used with MAOi, including linezolid)
• photosensitivity
• lowers seizure threshold

Answer 2

St John’s Wort

Question 3

What supplements increase bleeding risk?

Answer 3

5 Gs = garlic, ginger, ginkgo, ginseng and glucosamine

Fish oils at higher doses

Vitamin E

Dong quai

Willow bark (a salicylate)

Question 4

Supplements with risk of liver toxicity

Answer 4

black cohosh (used for menopausal symptoms)

Kava (used for stress/anxiety)

Question 5

Supplements with risk of cardiac toxicity

Answer 5

Ephedra

Bitter orange

Yohimbe

Question 6

Valerian

Passionflower

Kava

St. John’s wort

these are used for?

Answer 6

anxiety

Question 7

Omega 3-fatty acids can be used for

2 conditions

Answer 7

ADHD

dyslipidemia

Question 8

L-lysine

Answer 8

cold sores

Question 9

Echinacea

zinc

vitamin c

Answer 9

colds and flu

Question 10

ginkgo

vitamin E

Answer 10

dementia/memory

Question 11

St john’s wort

SAMe

Valerian

5HTP

Answer 11

depression

Question 12

alpha lipoic acid

chromium

cassia cinnamon

Answer 12

diabetes

Question 13

Red yeast rice

omega 3 fatty acids

Answer 13

dyslipidemia

Question 14

calcium

magnesium

Answer 14

dyspepsia

Question 15

bitter orange

caffeine

guarana, green tea powder

Answer 15

energy/weight loss

Question 16

Ginseng

L-arginine

Yohimbe

Answer 16

erectile dysfunction

Question 17

Coenzyme Q10

Hawthorn

omega-3 fatty acids

Answer 17

heart health

Question 18

omega 3 fatty acids

L-arginine

coenzyme Q10

garlic

Answer 18

HTN

Question 19

fibers

chamomile

probiotics

Answer 19

GI health

Question 20

omega 3 fatty acids

flax seeds/oil

tumeric

Answer 20

inflammation

Question 21

Melatnonin (QHS)
Melatonin 0.5mg-2mg pre, and 5mg post

valerian

chamomile

Answer 21

sleep/ jet lag

Question 22

milk thistle

Answer 22

liver disease

Question 23

black cohosh

dong quai

evening primrose oil

soy, red clover

Answer 23

menopause

Question 24

Feverfew

butterbur

magnesium

riboflavin (Vit. B2)

Answer 24

migraine prophylaxis

Question 25

ginger peppermint

Answer 25

motion sickness

Question 26

glucosamine chondroitin SAMe turmeric

Answer 26

OA

Question 27

calcium vitamin D soy

Answer 27

osteoporosis

Question 28

saw palmetto lycopene

Answer 28

prostate health

Question 29

Issues with these OTC - 5HTP SAMe St.John's wort

Answer 29

seroternergic

Question 30

Issues with these OTC - bitter oragnge

Answer 30

stimulant

Question 31

Issues with these OTC - black cohosh Kava

Answer 31

hepatotoxic

Question 32

Issues with these OTC - | caffeine

Answer 32

inc BP, HR

Question 33

Issues with these OTC - dong quai omega-3 fatty acids 5G's

Answer 33

bleeding risk

Question 34

Issues with these OTC - chondroitin

Answer 34

INC INR with warfarin

Question 35

Issues with these OTC - Hawthorn

Answer 35

positive inotrope, use with digoxin additive effect (DEC BP bc of it)

Question 36

Issues with these OTC - Valerian

Answer 36

sedation

Question 37

Issues with these OTC - vitamin E

Answer 37

bleeding risk, CVD risk

Question 38

Issues with these OTC - Zinc (nasal)

Answer 38

can cause loss of smell

Question 39

Vitamin A

Answer 39

Retinol

Question 40

Vitamin B1

Answer 40

Thiamine

Question 41

Vitamin B2

Answer 41

Riboflavin

Question 42

Vitamin B3

Answer 42

Niacin

Question 43

Vitamin B6

Answer 43

Pyridoxine

Question 44

Vitamin B9

Answer 44

folic acid

Question 45

Vitamin B12

Answer 45

Cobalamin

Question 46

A lack of ______ is common in alcoholism

Answer 46

Vitamin B1 - thiamine

Question 47

Thiamine deficiency can cause what kind of deficiency

Answer 47

Wernicke's encephalopathy | mental confusion, ataxia, tremor and vision changes

Question 48

As symptoms of Wernicke's fade, what develops?

Answer 48

Korsakoff syndrome - permanent neurologic damage

Question 49

Anticonvulsants can contribute to ____ deficiency

Answer 49

calcium

Question 50

All women of childbearing age should obtain _____ of folic acid per day

Answer 50

400mcg/day during pregnancy - 600mcg (taken one month before preg too)

Question 51

Breastfed babies need _________ of iron at 4-6 months old and until consuming iron rich foods

Answer 51

1mg/kg/day

Question 52

Drugs that cause nutrient depletion - what nutrient? anti epileptics (carbamazepine, lamotrigine, oxcarbamazpine, phenobarbital/primidone, phenytoin, topiramate, valproic acid/divalproex, zonisamide)

Answer 52

calcium *needs to be supplemented (with vitamin D too!)

Question 53

Drugs that cause nutrient depletion - what nutrient? Amphotercin B

Answer 53

Magnesium Potassium

Question 54

Drugs that cause nutrient depletion - what nutrient? Isonazid

Answer 54

Vitamin B6 | neuropathy prevention

Question 55

Drugs that cause nutrient depletion - what nutrient? | Loop diuretics

Answer 55

potassium

Question 56

Drugs that cause nutrient depletion - what nutrient? metformin

Answer 56

vitamin B12

Question 57

Drugs that cause nutrient depletion - what nutrient? methotrexate

Answer 57

folic acid

Question 58

Drugs that cause nutrient depletion - what nutrient? orlistat

Answer 58

beta-carotene, fat-soluble vitamins (ADEK)

Question 59

Drugs that cause nutrient depletion - what nutrient? PPI

Answer 59

magnesium Vitamin B12 if >2 years of treatment

Question 60

Conditions with recommended supplements - Alcoholism

Answer 60

Vitamin B1

Question 61

Conditions with recommended supplements - microcytic anemia

Answer 61

ferrous sulfate

Question 62

Conditions with recommended supplements - macrocytic anemia

Answer 62

vitamin B12 and or folate

Question 63

Conditions with recommended supplements - pregnancy

Answer 63

folate calcium vitamin D pyridoxine

Question 64

Conditions with recommended supplements - osteopenia/osteoporsis

Answer 64

calcium vitamin D

Question 65

Conditions with recommended supplements - CKD

Answer 65

vitamin D