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Immunizations Flashcards

1
Q

Who provides recommendations for vaccine administration in children and adults?

A

advisory committee on immunization practices (ACIP)

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2
Q

Who approves the ACIP recommendations and publishes them in the Morbitiy and mortality weekly report?

A

the CDC

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3
Q

What the is the name of the epidemiology and prevention of vaccine preventable diseases published by the CDC? Or the Vaccine Book

A

The Pink Book

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4
Q

What is the name of the mercury containing preservative used in some vaccines that was alleged to contribute to autism

A

Thimerosal

contained in some multi dose flu vaccines but parents may requires a single dose flu vaccine that doesn’t have it

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5
Q

From the persons own immune system (from vaccines or fighting an infection) lasts a long time, often a lifetime.

A

active immunity

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6
Q

Received from someone else such as Ig that are pooled from other people through transfer from a mother to her baby

A

passive immunity

mother gives baby her immunoglobulins ,but they decrease with time/childs Ab production increases

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7
Q

Is IVIG active or passive immunity?

A

passive!

provides already made Ab and can be used for quick immunity after exposure to an antigen. (rabies shot is also an example)

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8
Q

What are the common live vaccines?

A

COZY IV RM

Cholera

Oral Typhoid

Zoster

Yellow fever

Intranasal flu

Varicella

Rotavirus

MMR

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9
Q

Are inactivated viruses less affected by circulating antibodies than live vaccines?

A

yes!

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10
Q

A pregnant women is requested Oral typhoid vaccine. can she receive it?

A

NO! pregant

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11
Q

This vaccine targets a section of the organism such as a protein, sugar, or capsid

A

Polysaccharide, Conjugate and Recombinant vaccines

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12
Q

Polysaccaride vaccines do not produce a good immune response in children

A

<2

children <2 should not receive pneumovax 23 until >2

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13
Q

This type of vaccine uses the sugar molecules from the outside layer of encapsulated bacteria and join the molecules to carrier proteins.

A

conjugated vaccines

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14
Q

what type of vaccines increase the immune response in infants?

A

conjugated

Prevnar 13
Meningococcal conjugate (Menactra, Menveo)
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15
Q

Can live and inactivated immunizations be given together?

A

yes

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16
Q

How long is the interval between an antibody containing product (IVIG) and a MMR or a varicella containing vaccine?

A

minimum of 3 months and can be up to 11 months

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17
Q

What vaccine is given at birth?

A

hep b

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18
Q

What are options to reduce the risk of a false negative PPD test?

A

give live vaccine on same day

wait 4 weeks after live vaccine to perform skin test

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19
Q

Can you give multiple live vaccines in the same day?

A

yes

if not space 4 weeks apart

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20
Q

How much spaced out time?

Vaccine–> __ weeks –> antibody containing product

A

2 weeks

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21
Q

How much spaced out time?

antibody containing product–> __ weeks –>Vaccine

A

3 months or longer

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22
Q

A patient is exposed to hep B. They need a vaccine and antibody in the form of immunoglobulin. Can they receive it?

A

yes - recommended for post-exposure prophylaxis of certain diseases

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23
Q

When patients receive a live vaccine, how should they be counseled in terms for systemic reactions?

A

mild reactions can occur 3-21 days after vaccine (incubation period)

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24
Q

A patient had a mild reaction to a vaccine.- how do you treat?

A

Benadryl or hydroxyzine (rx)

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25
Whats the amount in an adult auto injector for epinephrine?
0.3mg (1mg/mL). most adults will require 1-3 doses every 5-15 minutes
26
What is a precaution for Dtap
Gullian Barre syndrome
27
Which vaccine has a contraindication to egg allergy?
Yellow fever Live attenuated flu vaccine
28
What vaccine series is started at birth?
3 dose hep B started at birth
29
What vaccine series start at age 2 months?
``` Prevnar 13 DtaP Hib polio rotavirus ```
30
When do live vaccines start? (age)
>12 months MMR varicella
31
When is the meningococcal vaccine (MCV4, Menactra or Menveo) given?
2 doses: 1 dose at 11-12 and 1 dose at age 16 | if not previously vaccinated, first year college students
32
When is HPV given?
recommended at 11-12y | 2-3 doses based on what age started
33
When is Tdap first given?
>11y
34
What is given in pregnancy at weeks 27-36?
Tdap
35
When is shingrix given?
>50y 2 doses 2-6 months apart
36
when is the pneumococcal 23 given?
>65y | wait 1 year after Prevnar 13
37
When is Prevnar 13 given?
if immunocompromised | optional for all other adults
38
What vaccines are required for healthcare professionals?
``` flu hep b tdap varicella MMR ```
39
A patient has sickle cell disease / another cause of asplenia what vaccines are needed?
H influenza type b (hib) Prevnar 13, Pneumococcal 23 (before age 65, Prevnar 13x1 dose and 2 doses of 23) pneumovax 2nd dose 5 years later Meningococcal vaccines (conjugated - Menactra or Menveo & serogroup B meningococcal vaccine Bexsero or Trumenba)
40
If the patient has sickle cell, asplenia, or immunocompromised, how do they take their prevnar and pneumococcal? chronic renal failure Chemotherapy immunosuppressant drugs systemic steroids >14 days >20mg prednisone daily
>8 weeks (not one year spaced)
41
What vaccines are required for diabetes?
Pneumococcal before age 65 (1 dose) | Hep B
42
What vaccines are required in immunodeficient patients?
LIVE VACCINES C/I!! | ``` Pneumococcal vaccines before age 65, Prevnar 13x1 dose and 2 doses of 23 pneumovax 2nd dose 5 years later ```
43
What vaccines are required in HIV when CD4 count <200
Menactra or Menveo (Meningococcal conjugate) Hep A Hep B
44
When is the flu shot indicated?
>6 months
45
When is pneumovax 23 indicated when the patient is 2-64?
heart, lung, liver, diabetes, alcoholic abuse, smokers all the rest is >65
46
Brand: Pediarix
generic: DTaP-HepB-IPV
47
Brand: Adacel, Boostrix
generic: Tdap
48
Brand: Harvix, VAQTA
generic: Hep A
49
Brand: Engerix-B, Heplisac
Hep B
50
A patient comes in and is between the age of 6 months - 8 years and they have not been previously vaccinated. How do they receive the flu shot?
give 2 doses 4 weeks apart
51
What is the name of the flu vaccine that is egg free?
FluBlok | >18y
52
What flu vaccine is indicated for >65y?
Trivalent Inactivated (IIV3) Fluzone High Dose Fluad
53
How do you administer FluMist Quadrivalent?
given as 0.2mL divided between two nostrils
54
Who is FluMist indicated for?
2-49y HEALTHY | this is the live one
55
Brand: ProQuad
Generic: MMRV
56
Which vaccine do you store in the fridge or freezer?
MMR
57
Which vaccine do you store in the FREEZER
due to varicella component - MMRV, Zostavax, oral cholera give SC store diluents in room temp or fridge
58
Brand: Menveo, Menactra
Generic: MCV4 (conjugated meningococcal)
59
What special population need meningococcal Vaccines?
travelers to Sub-saharan africa (meningitis) Age 2 months and older that have HIV, aslpenia, sickle cell lab workers with exposure to N. menigititis first year college students military recruits
60
Who receives MenB (Bexsero, Trumenba)?
Age 10> with high risk asplenia/sickle cell lab workers during an outbreak
61
Which vaccines do you store in the fridge?
``` Meningococcal conjugated vaccines (MCV4, MenB) Pneumococcal vaccines Shingrix Rotavirus DTap/ polio ```
62
Children <5 years are given a 4 dose series given at age 2,4,6, and 12-15 months of what vaccine?
PCV13 ?????????questionable, doesn't make sense because the book says its given once in their lifetime?
63
PCV13 and PPSV23 are given hpw
SC or IM
64
Immunocompromised patients receive PPSV23 how many times?
3 8 weeks after PCV13 at 6-64y, then 5 years apart, then after 65 (at least 5 years apart)
65
Which vaccine do you not give if there is an allergy to gelatin or neomycin?
varicella containing vaccines varivax - SC shingrix - IM
66
VIRCELLA IS STORED WHERE
FREEZER
67
A patient is receiving acyclovir for herpes. She needs varivax, what should she do?
stop 24 hours before administration and do not take for 14 days after administraiton
68
What vaccine can cause a positive reaction to the TB skin test?
BCG
69
What vaccine has a international certificate of vaccination provided with it? (its yellow)
yellow fever
70
What vaccines are given SC only
MMR MMRV Varicella Yellow fever
71
IM OR SC
PPSV23
72
Intranasal
Flumist
73
PO
Typhoid (Vivotif)
74
SC administration needle size: degree:
5/8" 45 angle (IM = 1", >260, 200 = 1.5")

NAPLEX 21 (60 decks)

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