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Patho 2 > Digestive Part 2 > Flashcards

Digestive Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Name the sections of small intestine

A

Duodenum jejuneum ileum

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2
Q

Duodenum

A

Attached to the stomach
Curves around the head of the pancreas

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3
Q

Jejunum

A

Attaches anterior my to the duodenum

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4
Q

Illeum

A

Extends from the jejunum to large intestine

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5
Q

What substance enters the small intestine from the gall bladder

A

Enzymes mixed with chyme
Bike from the gall bladder

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6
Q

Villi

A

Fingerlike give small intestine more surface area

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7
Q

Microvilli

A

Small projections of the plasma membrane

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8
Q

Lacteals

A

Specialized lymphatic capillaries

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9
Q

Structures involved in absorption of nutrients

A

Absorptive cells
Blood capillaries
Lacteals

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10
Q

Large intestine

A

Frames the internal abdomen
Larger in diameter but shorter than small intestine

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11
Q

Cecum

A

Saclike first part of the large intestine

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12
Q

Appendix

A

Lymphatic tissue that sometimes becomes inflamed
Hangs from cecum

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13
Q

Colon

A

Ascending
Transverse
Descending
S shaped

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14
Q

Rectum and anus

A

External body opening

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15
Q

Salivary glands

A

Saliva producing glands

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16
Q

Saliva

A

Mix of mucus and serous fluids
Dissolves chemicals so they can be tasted

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17
Q

Mastication

A

Chew

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18
Q

Pancreas

A

Produces a wide spectrum of digestive enzymes that break down all categories of food

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19
Q

Gall bladder

A

Stores bile from the liver by way of the cystic duct

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20
Q

Ingestion

A

Getting food into mouth

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21
Q

Propulsion

A

Moving foods from in region of the digestive system to another

22
Q

Peristalsis

A

Alternating waves of contraction

23
Q

Segmentation

A

Moving materials back and forth to aid in mixing

24
Q

Absorbtion

A

Absorbed into blood or lymph
Food must enter mucosal cells and then into blood lymph capillaries

25
Q

Dececation

A

Elimination of indigestible substances

26
Q

Order of digestive

A

Ingestion
Mastication
Propulsion
Peristalsis
Segmentation
Absorbtion
Defecation

27
Q

Control of digestive activity

A

Reflexes via the parasympathetic divison

28
Q

Stimuli of digestive activity

A

Stretch of organ
Ph of contents
Presence of breakdown products

29
Q

Reflexes of digestive activity

A

Activation of glandular secretions
Smooth muscle activtt

30
Q

Deglutition

A

Swallowing

31
Q

Buccal phase

A

Boils is forced into the pharynx by the tongue

32
Q

Pharyngeal-esophageal

A

All passageways excerpt the stomach are blocked
Tongue blocks moth
Uvula blocks nasopharynx
Epiglottis’s blocks larynx

33
Q

Cardioesophageal sphincter

A

Opened when food presses against it

34
Q

What is only absorbed in the stomach

A

Alcohol and aspirin

35
Q

Large intestine

A

Water and vitamins k and b are absorbed

36
Q

Gi disorders

A

Anorexia
Nausea
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Constipation
Abdominal pain
gi bleeding

37
Q

Nausea

A

Unpleasant wave like sensation in the back of the throat and or epigastrium that may or may no culminate in vomiting

38
Q

Vomiting

A

Forceful expulsion of the contents of the stomach duodenum or jejunum through the oral cavity

39
Q

Retching

A

Vomiting without expulsion of vomitus dry heaves

40
Q

Constipation

A

Stools are difficult to pass
Present if you have 2 or fewer vowel movements or do not take laxatives and have straining not completely empty or hard pellet like stools

41
Q

Diarrhea

A

Significant increase in the total eight of stool passed in a single day

42
Q

Causes of diarrhea

A

Infections
Virus bacterium parasite

43
Q

Causes of diarrhea non infectious

A

Inability to digest certain food
-lactose celiac disease
-surgery to remove part of intestine
-rare tumors/Diseases
-inflammation
-meds
-radiation
-toxins

44
Q

Generalized pain if abdomen

A

Occurs in half of the abdomen or more

45
Q

Localized

A

One section only or sordid area
(Epigastic, periumbillical, or pelvic)

46
Q

Parietal abdominal pain

A

From the parietal wall of the periotneum; localized and intense

47
Q

Viscreal abdominal pain

A

Diffuse and vague; results form a stimulus on a particular abdominal organ

48
Q

Referred abdominal pain

A

Pain felt away from actual diseased or affected organ

49
Q

Esophagitis and gastroesophageal reflux

A

Acid returns back into the esophagus from the stimach

50
Q

Varices

A

Abnormally englarged veins located at the lower end of the esophagus; may rupture and bled massively

51
Q

Mallory-weiss tear

A

Tearing in the lining of the esophagus that usually is caused by prolong vomiting

52
Q

Bleeding in the digestive tract diagnosed

A

Fecal occult blood test
Endoscopy
X rays
Angiography
Radionuclide scanning

Patho 2 (20 decks)

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