endocrine

Question 1

endocrine system

Answer 1

hypothalamus
pituitary
parathryoid
adrenal
ovar
pineal
thyroid
thymus
pancreas
testis

Question 2

steroid hormones

Answer 2

produced by the adrenal cortex, the ovaries, and the testes (testosterone, estrogen and progesterone)

Question 3

hypothalamus

Answer 3

regulates:
body temperature
breathing
hunger
thirst
(regulates internal environment)
located beneath the thalamus in the brain
regulates the 2 lobes of the pituitary glands by releases or releasing inhibiting hormones
PRIMARY RGULATORS of the endocrine system
neurosectery cells of the hypothalamuss produce hormones that either are stored in the pituitary gland or regulate the pituitary activity
continuously monitors conditions inside body

Question 4

pituitary gland posterior lobe

Answer 4

vasopressin (ADH)
Oxytocin

Question 5

vasopressin (ADH)

Answer 5

causes the kidneys to form more consetrated urine, conserving water (urine= high solute concentration)

Question 6

oxytocin

Answer 6

Stimulates contractions of the uterus during labor, also causes the release of milk from the breast of a nursing mother.

Question 7

pituitary anterior lobe

Answer 7

Growth hormone (GH) (somatotropin)
prolactin (PRL)
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
Adrenocortictropic hormone (ACTH)
Gonadotropic hormones (FSH and LH)

Question 8

Growth hormone (GH) (somatotropin)

Answer 8

Promotes cell division, protein synthesis, and bone and muscle growth.

Question 9

prolactin (PRL)

Answer 9

It causes mammary gland in breast to develop and produce milk. It also plays a role in carbohydrate and fat metabolism.

Question 10

Melanocyte-stimulating hormone

Answer 10

stimulates the melanocytes of the skin, increasing their production of the dark pigment melanin

Question 11

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

Answer 11

Regulates the thyroid to produce and release Thyroxin and Triiodothyronine.

Question 12

Adrenocortictropic hormone (ACTH)

Answer 12

stimulates the Adrenal Cortex to produce and release Cortisol and Aldosterone.

Question 13

Gonadotropic hormones (FSH and LH)

Answer 13

stimulate the gonads - the Testes in males and the Ovaries in females to secrete sex hormones and stimulates gamete (Sperm and Egg) production.

Question 14

thyroid gland

Answer 14

below larynx
TSH regulates the thyroid glands
thyroxin and triiodothyronine
calcitonin

Question 15

thyroxin and triiodothyronine

Answer 15

stimautles and maintains metabolic activities
heart rate, BP, body temp, carb usage over fat usage for energy

Question 16

calcitonin (c cells)

Answer 16

inhibits release of calcium from bones or regulates level of calcium in the blood

Question 17

adrenal glands (cortex and medulla)

Answer 17

one gland is located on top of each kidney
outer- adrenal cortex
inner- adrenal medulla

Question 18

parathyroid glands

Answer 18

attached to or embedded in the back surface of the thyroid, 2 in each lobe
produces parathyroid hormone- regulates calcium level in the blood

Question 19

adrenal cortex

Answer 19

outer portion- 80%
responds to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
corticosteroids
aldosterone
cortisol

Question 20

corticosteroids

Answer 20

essential for normal body functions

Question 21

aldosterone

Answer 21

regulates the reabsorption of sodium and excretion of potassium

Question 22

cortisol

Answer 22

affects carb, protein, and fat metabolism

Question 23

adrenal medulla

Answer 23

inner portion
neurohormones: adrenaline (epinephrine) and noradrenaline (norepinephrine)
sympathetic- adrenaline and noradrenaline

Question 24

adrenaline

Answer 24

inc heart rate, bp, blood supply to skeletal muscles, inc conversion of glycogen to glucose and stimulates the rate of metabolism

Question 25

noradrenaline

Answer 25

stimulates the heart muscle (rate and strength of the heart

Question 26

pancreas

Answer 26

located behind the stomach both an endocrine and exocrine gland islets of langerhans that composes beta cells beta cells secrete insulin, and alpha cells which secrete glucagon

Question 27

insulin

Answer 27

stimulates its target cells to take up and use glucose- lowers blood glucose level "USE OR STORE'

Question 28

glucagon

Answer 28

stimulates cells to breakdown stored glycogen and increase blood sugar levels

Question 29

thymus gland

Answer 29

located beneath the sternum and between lungs T cells thymosin- stimulates formation of T cells which help depend against pathogens

Question 30

pineal gland

Answer 30

near base of brain secretes melatonin: regulate sleep (modulation of sleep patterns in both seasonal and circadian rhythms)

Question 31

digestive

Answer 31

endocrine gastrin- stimulates other stomach cells to release digestive enzymes and HCL secretin- stimulates the release of digestive fluids from the pancreas and bile form the liver