Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Patho 2 > Renal Study Packet > Flashcards

Renal Study Packet Flashcards

1
Q

Most reabsorption of substances from the glomerular filtrate occurs in the

A

Proximal convoluted tubule- close to the glomerulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Under normal circumstances, the kidneys produce about _____ liters of glomerular filtrate per day

A

180

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ADH is produced in the

A

Hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

When ADH levels in the blood are high, the collecting ducts are

A

Very permeable to sodium and chloride ions- sodium( and water) moves back into the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Active transport of sodium: water follows passively

A

Proximal convoluted tubule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Passively permeable to water

A

Accenting limb of the nephron loop

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Passively permeable to water

A

Descending limb of the nephron loop

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Passively permeable to water under ADH stimulation

A

Collecting duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The appearance of glucose in the urine

A

Occurs when the transport carries for glucose become saturated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The urinary bladder is located

A

Posterior to the pubic symphysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

In the proximal convoluted tubule, chloride ions are reabsorbed because of

A

The electrical attraction of sodium ions- Na+ attracts the Cl-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which of the following promotes sodium retention and potassium loss from the blood across: the wall of the wall of the distal convoluted tubule?

A

Aldosterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Granular (juxtaglomerular cells) secrete_____ when there is a fall in _____ ion concentration

A

Renin/ sodium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

If you took a drug that inhibited the reabsorption of Na+ in the PCT you would

A

Have an Increased urine output- Na+ will not be resorbed, urine would stay in the PCT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Glucose is

A

Filtered and reabsorbed but not secreted- want to bring glucose back into the bloodstream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What would happen to the GFR if the hydrostatic pressure exerted by the fluid in the capsular space increased?

A

GFR would decrease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Correct sequence from urine formation

A

Nephron
Collecting duct
Minor calyx
Major calyx
Ureter
Urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

While the kidneys process about 180 L of blood derived fluids per day the amount that actually leave the body is

A

1% or 1.8L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The fluid in the capsular space is similar to plasma except that is does not contain a significant amount of

A

Albumin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Aldosterone causes

A

Decreased urine output

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

During reabsorption, Na+ crosses the apical walls of the proximal tubule cells into the interstitial fluid principally by means of

A

Active transport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The main solute component of urine is

A

Urea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The majority of reabsorption occurs in the

A

Proximal convoluted tubule

24
Q

Which of the following is found in the renal medulla?

A

Loop of henle

25
Q

Urine with a high concentration of C6H12O6 is

A

Abnormal because this compound is filtered and reabsorbed

26
Q

Order filtrate follows as it flows through the nephron

A

Bowman’s capsule
PCT
loop of henle
DCT
collecting duct

27
Q

The kidneys are located

A

Retroperitoneally

28
Q

Which of the following is not a means of regulating GFR?

A

Regulation via skeletal muscle

29
Q

Renin is produced by the

A

Juxtaglomerular cells

30
Q

The nephron is

A

The functional unit of the kidney

31
Q

Atrial naturiuretic peptide works to

A

Inhibit the effects of aldosterone

32
Q

The most important function of the juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) is to

A

Secrete renin in response to decreased renal blood pressure or blood flow

33
Q

From the distal convoluted tubule, filtrate will then be carried to the

A

Collecting duct

34
Q

A patient who is dehydrated from vomiting and diarrhea is likely to be higher than normal in blood

A

Both ADH and aldosterone

35
Q

The outermost covering of the kidney is the

A

Renal capsule

36
Q

The kidney secretes______ for the purpose of stimulating bone marrow activity

A

Erythropoietin

37
Q

The kidney secretes ______ which is an enzyme hormone that raises blood pressure

A

Renin

38
Q

The renal corpuscle is comprised of a glomerulus and

A

Bowman’s capsule

39
Q

Which section of the nephron is after the ascending limb of the loop of henle

A

DCT

40
Q

Which process is most affected by blood pressure?

A

Glomerular filtration

41
Q

Which muscle metabolism waste product is eliminated by the kidneys?

A

Creatinine

42
Q

What is the average glomerular filtration rate?

A

180 L per day

43
Q

What is not usually found in the urine

A

Glucose

44
Q

How much urine is formed in 24 hours

A

1.5 L

45
Q

Renin acts on ________ to convert it to angiotensin 1

A

Angiotensinogen

46
Q

The targets of angiotensin 2 are blood vessels and

A

Adrenal cortex

47
Q

The action is aldosterone is to increase

A

Sodium reabsorption

48
Q

The fluid in the descending limb of the loop of henle is ______ relative to the capillaries

A

Hypertonic

49
Q

What effect does ADH have on urine output?

A

Decreaes

50
Q

Eating large amounts of meat will increase the levels of _____in the blood

A

Urea

51
Q

Which of these could appear in the urine from dieting or the utilization of excess lipids?

A

Ketone

52
Q

Vigorous exercise could release high amounts of _____ into the urine

A

Albumin

53
Q

What causes urine to flow from the kidneys to the bladder?

A

Peristalsis

54
Q

Within the renal tubule, 2 hormones play a role in determining the final volume and sodium concentration of urine. The hormone ________ regulates sodium reabsorption while ________ regulates water reabsorption

A

Aldosterone; antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

55
Q

The pyramids are areas located within ______ of the kidney

A

The medulla

56
Q

The ureter directly receives urine from the _____ of the kidney

A

Pelvis

Patho 2 (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions