Part 7

Question 1

Maintaining acid base balance in blood

Answer 1

Most acid-base balance is maintained by the kidneys
other acid base controlling systems
-blood buffers
-respiration

Question 2

Blood buffers

Answer 2

Molecules react to prevent dramatic changes in hydrogen ion concentration
-bind to H+ when pH drops
-release H+ when pH rises

Question 3

3 major chemical buffer systems

Answer 3

-bicarbonate buffer system
-phosphate buffer system
-protein buffer system

Question 4

Bicarbonate buffer system

Answer 4

-mixture of carbonic acid and sodium bicarbonate
-bicarbonate ions react with strong acids to change them to weak acids
-carbonic acid dissocaites in the presence of a strong base to form a weak base and water

Question 5

Respiratory system controls acid base balance

Answer 5

-CO2 in blood is converted to bicarbonate ion and transported in the plasma
- increases in hydrogen ion concentration produces more carbonic acid
- excess hydrogen ion can be blown off with the release of carbon dioxide from the lungs
-respiratory rate can rise and fall depending on changing blood ph