Part 6

Question 1

Link between water and salt

Answer 1

-changes in electrolyte balance causes water to move from one compartment to another
-alters blood volume and blood pressure
-can impair the activity of cells

Question 2

Maintaining water balance

Answer 2

-water intake must equal water output
-dilute urine is produced if water intake is excesssive
-less urine is produced if large amounts of water are lost
- proper concentrations of various electrolytes must be present

Question 3

Sources for water intake

Answer 3

-ingested foods and fluids
-water produced from metabolic processes( oxidative metabolism)

Question 4

Sources for water output

Answer 4

-vaporization out of the lungs
-lost in perspiration
-leaves the body in the feces
-urine production

Question 5

Regulation of water and electrolytes reabsorption

Answer 5

Regulation is primarily by hormones
ADH
aldosterone
Triggered by renin angiotensin mechanism
Cells in kidneys and hypothalamus are active monitors

Question 6

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Answer 6

Prevents excessive water loss in urine

Question 7

Aldosterone

Answer 7

Regulated sodium ion content of Extracellular fluid

Question 8

Acid base balance in blood

Answer 8

-blood pH remain 7.35-7.45
-alkalosis- pH above 7.45
-acidosis- pH below 7.35
most ions originate as by products of cellular metabolism