digestive system

Question 1

Which digestive processes do we see in the mouth

Answer 1

ingestion, mechanical, and chemical

Question 2

Which digestive processes do we see in the stomach

Answer 2

chemical and the stomach has a muscle layer that allows for mechanical breakdown

Question 3

What is a mesentery and what are the names of all the one

Answer 3

Mesenteries are in the abdominopelvic cavity and are where we have a double layer of the peritoneum. The names are the greater and lesser omentum, mesentery proper, and mesocolon

Question 4

What type of epithelium do you find in the GI tract?

Answer 4

Simple columnar is the most popular one

Question 5

Name the salivary glands and what their functions are

Answer 5

Submandibular, sublingual gland, parotid gland. They function to create a solution that is slightly acidic and it cleanses the mouth, starts chemical breakdown, moistens food and

Question 6

What are the functions of the digestive system

Answer 6

Ingestion of food, break down food into nutrients, absorption of nutrients, excrete indigestible remains

Question 7

What are the digestive processes

Answer 7

Ingestion, propulsion (peristalsis segmentation), mechanical breakdown, digestion, absorption, and defecation

Question 8

What is the function of the mesentery

Answer 8

They support and stabilize the peritoneal organs, store fat, and have blood and lymphatic vessels for organs

Question 9

What is the purpose of the mucosa layer and what are the sublayers within it

Answer 9

The mucosa layer functions to absorb things into the blood and is made up of the epithelium layer, lamina propria, and muscular mucosae

Question 10

What is the submucosal layer made of

Answer 10

The submucosal layer is made of areolar tissue, elastic fibers, blood, and lymphatic vessels as well as nerves

Question 11

What is the muscular externa made of

Answer 11

This layer is made of smooth muscle and controls peristalsis and segmentation

Question 12

What is the serosa layer

Answer 12

This layer is made of areolar tissue and is called the adventitia in the esophagus

Question 13

What is the oral vestibule and labial frenulum

Answer 13

The oral vestibule is the space between the lips and teeth while the labial frenulum is the structure that joins the lip to the gum

Question 14

What is mastication and deglutition

Answer 14

This is the process of the teeth mechanically breaking down food into smaller pieces. Deglutition is swallowing

Question 15

What are the sphincters the stomach relates with?

Answer 15

The gastroesophageal sphincter, and the pyloric sphincter

Question 16

What is bolus called when it leaves the stomach

Answer 16

Chyme

Question 17

What are the regions of the stomach

Answer 17

The fundus, body, cardia, and pyloris

Question 18

What cells are in the gastric pit and what do they secrete

Answer 18

The parietal cells secrete HCL, the chief cells secrete pepsinogen which is then turned into pepsin because of the acidity of the stomach, enteroendocrine cells secrete gastrin and regulate stomach secretions

Question 19

What are the regions of the small intestine? Which one does the most absorption and which one has the ileocecal valve

Answer 19

The regions are the duodenum, the jejunum, and the ileum. The duodenum does the most absorption and the ileum has the ileocecal valve

Question 20

What is the purpose of the circular folds in the small intestine and the villi and microvilli

Answer 20

They cause the chyme to slowly spiral down the small intestine the villi are fingerlike projections on the surface of the intestinal wall and they increase surface area which allows for an increase in absorption

Question 21

What are the four lobes of the liver

Answer 21

There is the right, left, caudate, and quadrate lobes

Question 22

What are the functions of the liver and gall bladder

Answer 22

It functions to produce bile, detoxify, store nutrients. the gallbladder stores bile

Question 23

What is the structure that lets in secretions from the pancreas and liver or gallbladder into the duodenum

Answer 23

It is called the hepatopancreatic sphincter