Digestive System Flashcards Preview

Medical Terminology > Digestive System > Flashcards

Flashcards in Digestive System Deck (49)
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1
Q

Another name for the digestive system

A

Gastrointestinal system

2
Q

4 main function of system

A

Ingestion Digestion Absorp[tion Elimination

3
Q

Defn: Ingestion

A

food material taken in mouth

4
Q

Defn: Digestion

A

Food broken down mechanically, chemically

5
Q

amino acids break down ____________

A

proteins

6
Q

sugars are broken down by ___________

A

glucose

7
Q

Fatty Acids break down_____________

A

fats

8
Q

Where/how does Absorption occur ?

A

small intestine, nutrients pass into bld stream, where its burned for energy

9
Q

what is Elimination?

A

The body eliminates solid waste materials that cannot be absorbed into bloodstream.

10
Q

Where does the digestive system begin?

A

the mouth

11
Q

name 3 salivary glands

A

parotid

sublingual

submandibular

12
Q

Name the top part of the stomach

A

Fundus

13
Q

Name the lower part of the stomach

A

Antrum

14
Q

the name of the sphincter right before the Duodenum

A

Pyloric Sphincter

15
Q

Products of the liver

A

bile

bilirubin

16
Q

Functions of the liver

A

maintain blood glucose levels

makes blood proteins necessary for clotting

removes toxins and poisons from blood

17
Q

The pancrease secretes ________ into the bloodstream.

A

insulin

18
Q

The pancreas secretes ________ into the duodenum for digestion.

A

Enzymes

19
Q

first part of the large intestine

A

Cecum

20
Q

Defn: Deglutition

A

swallowing

21
Q

Defn: Amylase

A

enzyme secreted by pancreas and salivary gland to digest starch

22
Q

Defn: Appendix

A

blind pouch hanging from the cecum

23
Q

Defn: Bile

A

Digestive juice made in liver

stored in gullbladder

breaks up fats

24
Q

bilirubin

A

Pigment released by the liver in bile

25
Q

Defn: bowel

A

intestines

26
Q

Defn: Canine teeth

A

pointed, next to incisors

27
Q

Defn: colon

A

Large intestine

28
Q

Defn: Common Bile duct/choledochus

A

carries bile from liver and gullbladder to the duodenum

29
Q

Defn: dentin

A

primary material found in teeth

30
Q

duodenum

A

first part of small intestine

31
Q

Enamel

A

hard, outermost layer of tooth

32
Q

glycogen

A

starch; glucose is stored in the form of glycogen in liver

33
Q

Hydrochloric Acid
HCl

A

produced in the stomach

34
Q

ileum

A

third part of the small intestine

35
Q

incisor

A

one of four front teeth in dental arch

36
Q

insulin

A

hormone produced by endocrine cells of the pancreas

transports sugar from blood into cells

stimulates glycogen formation

37
Q

jejunum

A

second part of small intestine

38
Q

Lipase

A

pancreatic enzyme needed to digest fats

39
Q

Lower esophageal sphincter (LES)

A

ring of muscles between the esophagus and the stomach

40
Q

Mastication

A

chewing

41
Q

palate

A

roof of the mouth

42
Q

papillae

A

nipple-like elevations on the tongue

43
Q

portal vein

A

large vein bringing blood to the liver from intestines

44
Q

protease

A

enzyme that digest protein

45
Q

rugae

A

ridges on the hard palate and the wall of the stomach

46
Q

sigmoid colon

A

fourth, last, s-shaped segment of the colon

47
Q

triglycerides

A

fat molecule

48
Q

villi

A

projections in the wall of the small intestine

49
Q
A