digestive system pt 2

Question 1

What part of the alimentary canal carries food to the stomach?

Answer 1

esophagus

Question 2

Digestive Tract (Alimentary Canal):

Answer 2

Mouth → Pharynx → Esophagus → Stomach → Small Intestine→ Large Intestine → Rectum → Anus

Question 3

accessory organs (6)

Answer 3

Teeth, Tongue, Salivary Glands, Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas

Question 4

6 functions of system

Answer 4

Ingestion
Mechanical Processing
Digestion
Secretion
Absorption
Excretion

Question 5

Histological Organization of the Digestive Tract

Answer 5

mucosa
submucosa
muscularis externa
serosa

Question 6

submucosa

Answer 6

The layer of connective tissue that attaches the epithelium and contains blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves

Question 6

muscalaris externa

Answer 6

layer of the digestive tract thats responsible for peristalsis and segmentation

Question 7

serosa

Answer 7

secretes a lubricating fluid
- covers the muscular layer along most portions of the digestive tract enclosed by the peritoneal cavity.

Question 8

digestive motility

Answer 8

peristalsis and segmentation

Question 9

peristalsis

Answer 9

Coordinated, rhythmic contractions propelling contents through the digestive tract

Question 10

segmentation

Answer 10

Localized contractions mixing contents and enhancing absorption

Question 11

hormones of digestive system

Answer 11

gastrin, secretin, and cholecystokinin (CCK) modulate digestive functions

Question 12

oral cavity function

Answer 12

Mechanical digestion via mastication

Chemical digestion begins with salivary amylase

Question 13

salivary glands

Answer 13

accessory organ that produces a fluid to soften food

Question 14

stomach function

Answer 14

takes in food from esophagus, mixes it and breaks it down

Question 15

small intestine function

Answer 15

absorption

Question 16

small intestine segments

Answer 16

duodenum
jejunum
ileum

Question 16

large intestine function

Answer 16

forming and propelling feces toward the rectum for elimination

Question 17

large intestine segments - 6

Answer 17

cecum
ascending colon
transverse colon
descending colon
sigmoid colon
rectum

Question 18

liver function

Answer 18

Produces bile for lipid emulsification

Question 19

gallbladder function

Answer 19

stores bile

Question 20

pancreas

Answer 20

enzyme production

Question 21

Which of following processes is the function of the smooth muscle layer of the digestive system?

Answer 21

Mixing and propulsion

Question 22

primary function of the mouth

Answer 22

ingestion

Question 23

primary function of the villi of the small intestine?

Answer 23

absorption

Question 24

5 peritoneal folds

Answer 24

greater omentum falciform ligament lesser omentum mesentry mesocolon

Question 25

primary teeth amount

Answer 25

20

Question 26

esophagus

Answer 26

part of the alimentary canal carries food to the stomach?

Question 27

esophagus layers

Answer 27

4

Question 28

chyme is created in the

Answer 28

stomach

Question 29

parietal cells

Answer 29

secretory cells of the stomach that secrete hydrochloric acid

Question 30

chief cells

Answer 30

secrete the enzyme pepsinogen - found in gastric glands

Question 31

mesentries

Answer 31

Sheets of serous membrane that hold the digestive tract in place

Question 32

ileocecal valve

Answer 32

structure that regulates what enters the colon from the ileum

Question 33

coronary ligament

Answer 33

suspends the liver from the diaphragm

Question 34

cystic duct

Answer 34

the duct that the gallbladder directly empties into

Question 35

endocrine cells of the pancreas

Answer 35

pancreatic islets

Question 36

myentric plexus

Answer 36

plexus located between the longitudinal and circular smooth muscle layers of the muscularis

Question 37

mesocolon

Answer 37

portion of the peritoneum that is largely responsible for carrying blood and lymph vessels to the intestines

Question 38

the tooth sockets are lined with

Answer 38

Periodontal ligament

Question 39

Deciduous molars are replaced by

Answer 39

bicuspids

Question 40

rugae

Answer 40

structure of the stomach allows greater distension for food storage.

Question 41

lipase

Answer 41

pancreatic enzymes that digests lipids

Question 42

round ligament

Answer 42

found on the liver and is a remnant of the umbilical cord in a fetus.

Question 43

bilirubin

Answer 43

the principle bile pigment.

Question 44

brunner's glands

Answer 44

Secrete an alkaline mucus

Question 45

The three pairs of salivary glands that secrete into the oral cavity include the

Answer 45

parotid, sublingual, and submandibular

Question 46

Which of the following salivary glands produce salivary amylase, a carbohydrate-digesting enzyme?

Answer 46

both parotid glands and submandibular salivary glands

Question 47

Crushing, mashing, and grinding of food are best accomplished by the action of the

Answer 47

bicuspids

Question 48

The pharyngeal muscles that push the food bolus toward the esophagus are the

Answer 48

pharyngeal constrictor muscles

Question 49

Gastric secretion is inhibited by

Answer 49

secretin

Question 50

Which division of the small intestine contains the Brunner glands?

Answer 50

duodenum

Question 51

parotid gland location

Answer 51

anterior and inferior to the ears.

Question 52

2 primary components of saliva

Answer 52

Mucous and water

Question 53

the layers of the wall of the digestive tract from deepest to most superficial.

Answer 53

Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis and serosa

Question 54

stomach secretions

Answer 54

HCl, gastrin, intrinsic factor and pepsinogen

Question 55

How long does food normally stay in the stomach?

Answer 55

2-6 hrs

Question 56

HCl

Answer 56

the stomach secretion that activates pepsin, destroys bacteria and breaks down connective tissue ingested.

Question 57

gastrin

Answer 57

the stomach secretion that binds to vitamin B12 and thus prevents the destruction of vitamin B12.

Question 58

lacteal

Answer 58

lymphatic vessel

Question 59

the structure that secretes cholecystokinin (CCK).

Answer 59

secreted by the first part of the small intestine, the duodenum.

Question 60

CCK function

Answer 60

stimulates the pancreas to release digestive enzymes and the gallbladder to release bile

Question 61

he sections of the large intestine in the correct sequence?

Answer 61

cecum, colon, rectum, anal canal

Question 62

the three hormones secreted by the small intestine.

Answer 62

CCK, GIP and secretin

Question 63

The hormone that stimulates hunger is

Answer 63

ghrelin

Question 64

the hormone that stimulates a feeling of fullness is

Answer 64

leptin

Question 65

The last part of the colon is called the ________ colon.

Answer 65

sigmoid

Question 66

large intestine function

Answer 66

absorb water and electrolytes NOT nutrients

Question 67

pancreatic juices (4)

Answer 67

amylase, lipase, sodium bicarbonate and trypsin

Question 68

Bicarbonate function

Answer 68

the pancreatic secretion that is important for neutralizing the acidic chyme from the stomach.

Question 69

Carbohydrates (starches) are chemically broken down in the

Answer 69

mouth and small intestine