DNA VIRUSES Flashcards
(123 cards)
1
Q
Icosahedral shaped; enveloped; 90-100 nm
A
HERPES VIRIDAE
2
Q
Produce latent infection
A
HERPES VIRIDAE
3
Q
(specific infectious agent without any manifest symptom; remains inactive in the body with no symptoms)
A
latent infection
4
Q
: latency in nerve cells; HSV 1 & 2, VZV
A
Neurotropic
5
Q
: latency in lymphocytes (associated with cancer); EBV, CMV
A
Lymphotropic
6
Q
Reactivation may result from physiological stress
A
HERPES VIRIDAE
7
Q
When reactivated, symptoms are usually milder than primary infection except shingles which is the reactivation of VZV
A
HERPES VIRIDAE
8
Q
characteristic lesions
A
HERPES VIRIDAE
9
Q
: scraping of an ulcer base to look for Tzanck cells
A
Tzanck Test
10
Q
(multinucleated giant cells) - most commonly seen in microscope
A
Tzanck cells
11
Q
commonly infects skin and mucous membranes
A
(HSV, VZV)
12
Q
internal infection
A
(CMV, EBV)
13
Q
produces intranuclear inclusions and multinucleated giant cells
A
HERPES VIRIDAE
14
Q
• used to treat infections caused by certain viruses
A
Acyclovir
15
Q
• treats cold sores around the mouth, shingles, and chicken pox
A
Acyclovir
16
Q
Non-enveloped
Icosahedral
A
PAPOVIRIDAE
17
Q
22-26 nm
A
PARVOVIRIDAE
18
Q
only DNA virus pathogenic to man with a single stranded genome
A
PARVOVIRIDAE
19
Q
smallest icosahedral DNA virus
A
PARVOVIRIDAE
20
Q
endemic zoonotic infection
A
PARVOVIRIDAE
21
Q
replicate entirely within the cytoplasm
A
POXVIRIDAE
22
Q
MOT POXVIRIDAE
A
Inhalation
23
Q
POXVIRIDAE CONTROL
A
Vaccination
24
Q
220-450 nm (largest DNA)
A
POXVIRIDAE
25
RNA, naked virion
HEPATITIS A
26
24-30 nm
HEPATITIS A
27
Family Picornaviridae
HEPATITIS A
28
Mortality rate: 1%
HEPATITIS A
29
Fatality rate: 30%
VARIOLA MAJOR
30
Fatality rate: 1%
VARIOLA MINOR
31
DNA, envelope
HEPATITIS B
32
42-47 nm
HEPATITIS B
33
dane particles (complete Hepatitis B virus)
HEPATITIS B
34
Family Hepadnaviridae
HEPATITIS B
35
Only DNA virus amongst Hepadnaviridae
HEPATITIS B
36
Contains RNA and has a lipid envelope
HEPATITIS C
37
Family: Flaviviridae (under RNA viruses)
HEPATITIS C
38
Most common cause of Non-A and Non-B Hepatitis
HEPATITIS C
39
Common worldwide
HEPATITIS C
40
No vaccine for Hepatitis C
HEPATITIS C
41
Contains RNA, naked virus
HEPATITIS D
42
35-37 nm
HEPATITIS D
43
“D”
Delta virus
44
RNA, 32-34 nm
HEPATITIS E
45
most common cause of Hepatitis in countries with poor sanitation
HEPATITIS E
46
RNA and has an envelope
HEPATITIS G
47
Common worldwide but not pathogenic
HEPATITIS G
48
fecal-oral route, contaminated shellfish
HAV
49
Mnemonic for Hepatitis with fecal oral route: TAE-
Hepatitis A and E
50
contaminated blood products, needle sticks, tattoos, body piercing, intravenous drug abuse, and renal dialysis
HBV
51
Can also be sexually transmitted
HBV
52
contaminated blood products, organ transplants (most common reason for liver transplant in the US), renal dialysis, and intravenous drug abuse
HCV
53
(most common reason for liver transplant in the US)
organ transplants
54
: where an individual acquires both HDV and HBV at the same time
Co-infection
55
: when a patient with an HBV infection is exposed to HDV
Superinfection
56
Superinfection IS
more severe than co-infection because it might lead to liver failure
57
fecal-oral route (often in contaminated water
HEV
58
contact with blood, sexually transmitted, mother to children
HGV
59
HAV Incubation period:
15-40 days
60
Jaundice, nausea, anorexia, malaise
HAV
61
HBV Incubation period: (longest incubation period, followed by Hepa C, then Hepa A)
50-180 days
62
HCV Incubation period: (2nd long incubation Hepatitis B)
2 to25 weeks
63
HBV Acute infections:
produce symptoms resembling HAV infections
64
HBV Chronic infections:
cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma
65
HCV Acute HCV:
mild or asymptomatic
66
Chronic HCV:
chronic hepatitis (cirrhosis)
67
HAV DIAGNOSIS
Alanine aminotransferase and serologic test (use of serological markers)
68
HBV DIAGNOSIS
clinical symptoms (fever, headache, malaise, jaundice) and
elevated liver enzymes (ALP, ALT, AST and GGT); serology
69
HCV DIAGNOSIS
Elevated liver enzymes (ALP, ALT, AST and GGT)
Serologic indicators (anti-HCV and HCV antigen)
Nucleic amplification specific for acid (NAT)
70
: RNA sequencinG; also used for the detection of Coronavirus and HIV
Nucleic amplification specific for acid (NAT)
71
HAV SEROLOGICA L INDICATORS
Anti-HAV IgM (+): acute infection
Anti-HAV IgG (+) and anti-HAV (-): infection
72
: acute infection
Anti-HAV IgM (+)
73
: pus infection
Anti-HAV IgG (+) and anti-HAV (-)
74
HBV SEROLOGICA L INDICATORS
75
: first marker to be positive but will become negative as patient recovers;
HBsAg
76
In chronic infection it will remain positive
HBsAg
77
Presence of [?] indicates that the patient is infectious
HBsAg
HBeAg
78
: indicates recovery or immunity after HBV vaccination and antibody is generally present for life
Anti-Hbs
79
: acute infection
HBcAg
80
As anti-Hbs is forming, the level of HBsAg is.
decreasing
81
During this transition, there is a point where both markers are undetectable --
HBcAg:
82
HBcAg: The only indicator is
AntiHbC IgM
83
Core window or core period HBeAg: positive in acute and chronic stages
HBcA
84
Presence of this marker indicates that the patient is infectious
HBcAg
85
: associated with a good prognosis
Anti-Hbe
86
Hepatitis
HBV
87
Inflammatory condition of the liver
HBV
88
Manifested by jaundice
HBV
89
May be asymptomatic●
HBV
90
With carrier state
HBV
91
May be chronic and may lead to cirrhosis
HBV
92
HAV CONTROL
vaccination
93
HBV CONTROL
screening of blood; vaccine (All healthcare workers are recommended for Hepatitis B vaccine)
94
Mild case: mild fever and general malaise
HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE 1
95
Gingivostomatitis- seen in children and young adults
HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE 1
96
Recurrent oral-labial infection aka
cold sores/ fever blisters
97
Infection of the cornea aka
keratitis
98
Herpes encephalitis
HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE 1
99
Causative agent of genital herpes
HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE 2
100
Meningitis encephalitis
HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE 2
101
Infant infection (during childbirth)
HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE 2
102
severe eye infections CNS damage
HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE 2
103
Common STD
HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE 2
104
● Primary (common childhood; infection during more severe when acquired during adulthood)
VARICELLA/CHICKEN POX
105
MOT: respiratory aerosols from vesicular skin lesions of infected individuals
VARICELLA/CHICKEN POX
106
Symptoms: rash and fever
VARICELLA/CHICKEN POX
107
VARICELLA/CHICKEN POX Incubation Period:
1-2 weeks
108
Reactivation of VZV (common in elderly)
ZOSTER/SHINGLES
109
Characteristics: skin vesicles, often on one side of the body, and severe pain around the skin lesions
ZOSTER/SHINGLES
110
Complications: CNS disorder, eye problems, and facial paralysis
ZOSTER/SHINGLES
111
Diagnosis: clinical symptoms
ZOSTER/SHINGLES
112
Asymptomatic infection
CMV
113
Jaundice
Hepatosplenomegaly
CNS disorder
Fever hepatitis syndrome
CMV
114
Fever hepatitis syndrome (can be acquired by neonate and transplant patient)
CMV
115
Interstitial Pneumonia (can be acquired by immunocompromised patient)
CMV
116
Aka disease” “kissers DISEASE
EBV
117
● Infectious mononucleosis
● Burkitt lymphoma
EBV
118
● Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
EBV
119
● Hodgkin disease
EBV
120
SYMPTOMS: Fever, malaise pharyngitis
EBV
121
(Roseolavirus/Sixth disease)
HHV6
122
Acquired through respiratory secretions
123
Childhood disease characterized by fever, rash and sore throat
