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Flashcards in Drug Cards Deck (12)
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1
Q

ACETAMINOPHEN

A

Name: ACETAMINOPHEN (Tylenol, Anacin-3)

Mechanism: Analgesic, antipyretic

Indications: Relief of mild pain or fever, headache, muscle aches

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity

Side Effects: Allergic reaction

Dosing: Adult: 500 - 1000 mg PO every 4 hours
Pediatrics: 10 mg/kg PO

2
Q

ACTIVATED CHARCOAL

A

Name: ACTIVATED CHARCOAL (Actidose)

Mechanism: Adsorbent (binding agent)

Indications: Most oral poisonings; overdose

Contraindications: Decreased level of consciouness; overdose of corrosives, caustics, or petroleum substances.

Side Effects: Nausea, vomiting, constipation, black stools.

Dosing: Adult: 1 - 2 g/kg PO
Pediatrics: 1g/kg PO, max 25 gms

3
Q

ALBUTEROL

A

Name: ALBUTEROL (Proventil, Ventolin)

Mechanism: Sympathomimetic bronchodilator

Indications: Bronchospasm and asthma in COPD.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, history of MI.

Side Effects: Hypertension, tachycardia, anxiety, restlesness.

Dosing: Adult: 1 - 2 inhalations; wait 5 minutes before repeating.

  1. 5 -5 mg/3cc x 3 @ 10-15 min interval
  2. 25 - 2.5 mg/3 cc x 3 @ 10-15 min intervals

Note: EMT-Basic administration of albuterol is restricted to patients who are under doctor’s orders with a prescription for the drug.

4
Q

ASPIRIN

A

Name: ASPIRIN (Acetylsalicylic Acid)
(Alka-Seltzer, Bayer, Empirin, St Joseph Children’s)

Mechanism: Analgesic, antipyretic, platelet inhibitor, anti-inflammatory

Indications: Relief of mild pain, headache, muscle aches; chest pain when considering acute MI.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to salicylates, rectal bleeding.

Side Effects: Nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, bleeding, bronchospasm and wheezing if patient is allergic.

Dosing: Adult: 160 - 325 mg chewable baby aspirin (81mg each) PO
Pediatrics: Not indicated

5
Q

EPINEPHRINE 1:1000

A

Name: EPINEPHRINE (Adrenalin, )

Mechansim: Sympathomimetic, bronchodilation

Indicaitons: Severe allergic reaction

Contraindications: Myocardial infarction, hypothermia, hypertension.

Side Effects: Hypertension, tachycardia, anxiety, restlessness

Dosing:
Adults: 0.3 mg of 1 : 1,000 IM if age < 50 years
0.15 mg of 1 : 1,000 IM if age > 50 years
Pediatrics: 0.15 mg of 1 : 1,000 IM

6
Q

OXYGEN

A

OXYGEN (no trade name)

Mechanism: reverses hypoxia

Indications: Hypoxia (known or suspected)

Contraindications: Do not use near open flames

Side Effects: Rarely, decreased respiratory effort in patients w/ COPD.

Dosing: NRB 10 - 15 L/min Adult or Pediatric
NC 3-6 L/min Adult or Pediatric
Blowby 10 + L/min Pediatric or Combative
Bag Valve Mask 15 - 25 L/min Adult or Pediatric

7
Q

GLUCOSE

A

GLUCOSE (Glutose)

Mechanism: Cellular metabolism

Indicaiton: Hypoglycemia

Contraindications: Decreased level of consciousness, nausea, vomiting

Side Effects: Nausea, vomiting

Dosing: 15 - 25 mg

8
Q

NALOXONE

A

Name: NALOXONE (Narcan)

Mechanism of Action: Opioid antagonist

Indications: Suspected opiate overdose with decreased respiratory drive and hypoxia.

Contraindications: Known hypersensitivity, normoxia and respiratory drive.

Side Effects: Nausea, vomiting, tachycardia, anxiousness, seizures, pulmonary edema, hypotension, bronchoconstriction, opioid withdrawal.

Adult Dosing: 1-2 mg intranasal; titrated to adequate ventilation and oxygenation (q 3 - 5 min).

Pediatric Dosing: 05. - 1 mg intranasal; titrated to adequate ventilation and oxygenation.

9
Q

DIPHENHYDRAMINE

A

DIPHENHYDRAMINE (Benadryl)

Mechanism: Antihistamine

Indications: Mild allergic reactions

Contraindications: Asthma, glaucoma, pregnancy, hypertension, infants

Side Effects: Sleepiness, dry mouth and throat (may stimulate children)

Dosing: 25 - 50 mg
NEED Ped Dose

10
Q

NITROGLYCERINE

A

NITROGLYCERINE (Nitrostat)

Mechanism: Vasodilator

Indicaitons: Chest pain due to MI or angina

Contraindications: Hypotension, use of sildenafil within past 24 hrs; head injury

Side Effects: Headache, burning under tongue, hypotension, nausea

Dosing: 0.3 - 0.4 mg SL; 0.4 mg spray

11
Q

IBUPROFEN

A

IBUPROFEN (Advil, Motrin, Nuprin)

Mechanism: NSAID reduces inflamation and fever, analgesic

Indications: Mild pain or fever, headache, muscle aches

Contraindications: Hypersensivity

Side Effects: Nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, bleeding, allergic reactions

Dosing: Adult 200 - 400 mg q4h
Pediatric 5 - 10 mg/kg

12
Q

OXYMETAZOLINE

A

Name: OXYMETAZOLINE (Afrin)

Mechanism: selective alpha-1 agonist and partial alpha-2 agonist, topical decongestant

Indications: temporary relief of nasal congestion (stuffy nose) caused by allergies or the common cold.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, narrow angle glaucoma

Side Effects: headache, insomnia, nervousness, dry nasal mucosa, nasal stinging/burning, sneezing

Dosing: Adults: 2-3 sprays of 0.05% nasal solution twice daily