Drug Discovery Process Flashcards
(27 cards)
What is a Drug?
A compound that interacts with a biological system to produce a response
What determines toxicity in a drug?
Level of dose
What are the 4 drug classifications?
Natural Products
Fermentation Products
Semi-synthetics
Completely synthetic products
What is drug selective toxicity?
Drugs that are toxic to problem cells not normal ones
What is medicinal chemistry?
The study of chemicals with potential therapeutic effects
List 4 historic examples of medicinal chemistry
Quinine (from Cinchona bark) – malaria
Nitrous oxide, ether – anaesthetics
Phenol – antiseptic
Penicillin – 1st antibiotic
What are the main molecular targets for drugs?
Enzymes
Receptors
Transport proteins
Nucleic acids(DNA RNA)
How does the number of intermolecular bonds affect drugs
determines the duration of binding
Pharmocodynamic
study of what the drug does to the body
Pharmacokinetic
what the body does to the drug
At a molecular level what is the strongest bond of drug binding
covalent bonds
Define the discovery part
identify specific bio targets and initial compound that can interact with the target
What are the 3 stages of drug development
evaluate
assess
confirm
What does the design stage enforce
improvements and evaluation
What are the 6 phases in drug discovery
target identification
target validation
HIT generation
HIT to lead optimisation
Lead optimisation
Preclinical development
What is target identification
targets at a molecular level with genomic and proteomic approaches
What is target validation
Genetic and pharmalogical approach
What is HIT generation
Potential to interact with target
methods - HTS, FRAGMENTS AND VIRTUAL SCREENING
What is HIT to lead optimisation
efficacy, selectivity , ADME properties and safety
What is lead optimisation
half life and dose response
What is pre-clinical development
invitro and invivo studies
What happens in phase one of clinical trials
focus : safety and dosage
short duration
on 20-100 healthy volunteers
What happens in phase 2 of clinical trials
Focus: efficacy
3 months
target condition -large group
what happens in phase 3 of clinical trials
focus : confirm efficacy, monitoring reactions and submitting an NDA
