Lipids Flashcards
(18 cards)
What are lipids
A group of biological molecules that are insoluble in water and soluble in organic solvent
State 2 biological functions of lipids
provide energy reserves
protects against heatloss and trauma
3 characteristics of simple lipids
long hydrocarbon chain(head) with a carboxylic acid group at one end (head)
Numbered from carboxyl end
No other functional groups
What is saturated
No C=C bond
Monounsaturated
only one C=C bond
Polyunsaturated
more than one C=C bond
Trans in fatty acids
Carbon chain on opposite side of double bond
Cis in fatty acids
Same side of the double bond
Example of cis fatty acids
Vegetable oil
Example of trans form
Frying oil
what does the ratio mean in fatty acid nomenclature
x:y ^ z,z
x- total number of carbons
y- number of double bonds
z- positions of the double bonds
What fatty acid is essential in diets
Linoleic
What makes a fatty acid have a higher melting point
longer chain
What makes melting points decrease in fatty acids
unsaturated acids - more kinked
Formation of a triglyceride acid
triester derived from a condensation reaction between 3 fatty acids and glycerol
structure of a phospholipid
2 fatty acids and a phosphate (hydrophillic heads and hydrophobic tails)
Why is a phospholipid ambivalent
due to hydrophillic head and hydrophobic tails
Function of phospholipids
cellular membranes
can move in out of cells easily due to its (amphipathic nature )
