Ectoparasites IV: Mites Flashcards by Anika Eidson

How do mites differ from ticks?

Size
Time/location on host
Some life cycle stages
Some aspects of morphology

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What are the major mite groups?

Mange mites
Ear mites
Nasal mites
Hair-clasping mites

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Are some animals at higher risk for mite infections?

Puppies and old dogs

Immunocompromised animals

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What are diagnostic methods for mite infections?

Skin scraping

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What are common clinical signs for mite infections?

Pruritus
Hair loss
Crusty lesions

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What are complications of mite infections?

Secondary infection

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How do you approach treatment for mite infections?

Treatment of the mite

Treat secondary problems

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Are mite infections zoonotic?

Yes

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Describe Sarcoptes scabiei (scabies mite)

One species

Host-adapted variants/strains

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What is the range of hosts for Sarcoptes scabiei?

Wide range, except for cats (rare)

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What is Sarcoptes scabiei common in?

Canids
Swine
Ferrets
Severe disease in red foxes

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Where does the Sarcoptes scabiei life cycle occur?

On host, mostly in epidermis over 2-3 weeks

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What areas does sarcoptic mange usually affect first?

Hairless areas

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What does sarcoptic mange cause?

Usually papules, erythema, pruritus which can lead to hyperkeratosis, alopecia, self-trauma, secondary infections, crusitng

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What is the common name of Sarcoptes scabiei in dogs? What are the lesion locations?

Itch mite
Lateral elbows
Lateral hocks
Edge of pinna

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What is the common name of Sarcoptes scabiei in swine? What are the lesion locations?

No name, but it is common

Ears, back

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What is the common name of Sarcoptes scabiei in cattle? What are the lesion locations?

Barn itch

Abdomen, neck, medial hind legs

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What is the common name of Sarcoptes scabiei in sheep/goats? What are the lesion locations?

Head scab

Face, ears, ventrum

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What is the common name of Sarcoptes scabiei in horses? What are the lesion locations?

No name

Neck, shoulders, face

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What animals is mite infections reportable in?

Sheep/goats

Horses

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What are methods of treatment for sarcoptic mange?

Various acaricides

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What is the host of Notoedres cati?

Wild or domestic felids

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Describe the lesions of notpedric mange of cats

Lesions begin on ears/face/neck then go to feet/perineum

Thick, scaly skin, alopecia, pruritus the self-trauma, systemic signs

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Describe Psoroptes cuniculi

Common ear mites

Hosts: rabbits, goats, horses

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Describe psoroptes ovis of large animals

Cattle, sheep, horses Primarily in Southwest Reportable

What is the life cycle of Psoroptes spp.?

Non-burrowing on skin

What is the common name of Psoroptes ovis in cattle? What are the locations of lesions?

Cattle scab | Back, tail head, shoulders

What is the common name of Psoroptes ovis in sheep? What are the locations of lesions?

Scab | Neck, back

What is the common name of Psoroptes ovis in horses? What are the locations of lesions?

Not common | Base of mane

What species is Psoroptes ovis reportable in?

Cattle | Sheep

What is the most common mite of cattle and horses?

Chorioptes spp.

What is the life cycle of Chorioptes spp.?

Non-burrowing on skin

What does Chorioptes spp. cause?

Chorioptic mange

What is the common name of Chorioptes in cattle? Where are the lesions?

Foot and tail mange, tail scab | Base of tail, udder, hind feet

What is the common name of Chorioptes in sheep/goats? Where are the lesions?

Foot and tail mange | Interdigital, base of tail, scrotum (sheep)

What is the common name of Chorioptes in horses (especially draft breeds)? Where are the lesions?

Foot mange, itchy leg | Foot, base of tail

What is a common ear mite in dogs, cats, and ferrets?

Otodectes cynotis

Describe what happens with Otodectes cynotis (ear mites)?

Canals become excessively moist Cerumen; purulent black exudate Inflammation---pruritis---self trauma Secondary infection, ruptured ear drum

Where are Otodectes cynotis (ear mites) found?

Usually bilateral- head and neck

What is the method diagnosis of Otodectes cynotis?

Ear swabs

Where are most species of Demodex normal?

Normal fauna of skin

What is the transmission of Demodex spp.?

Direct contact (mother to neonate)

What species of Demodex are primary pathogens?

D. cornei in dogs

Describe the Demodex spp. life cycle

All stages develop on host within hair follicle lumen and sebaceous gland ducts

What are forms of demodicosis?

Squamous | Papulonodular

Describe squamous demodicosis

Localized or generalized Primarily dogs, but also can occur with cat, horses, and sheep Dry, scaly dermatitis, alopecia

Describe papulonodular demodicosis

Cattle, goats, pigs | Hair follicles/glands obstructed leads to nodules

Describe localized demodectic mange in dogs

Small, well-defined patchy lesions Young dogs Self-limiting, most spontaneously recover

Describe generalized demodectic mange in dogs

Usually underlying disease, except of D. cornei Large, coalescing lesions leading to pruritus and secondary infection No age predilection Poor prognosis if no aggressive treatment

How common is feline demodectic mange? Does it have any predilections?

Rare | Any age/breed

What species of Demodex is normal flora in cats?

D. cati

Which species of Demodex is transmissible?

D. gatoi

Is demodectic mange common in cattle? Describe the lesions

Yes, pregnant/lactating | Nodular- neck, shoulders

Is demodectic mange common in sheep? Describe the lesions

Rare | Diffuse; scaly- neck, flank, shoulders

Is demodectic mange common in goats? Describe the lesions

Young or pregnant goats | Nodular- face, neck, axilla, udder

Is demodectic mange common in horses? Describe the lesions

Rare; chronic corticosteroids | Diffuse; scaly

Is demodectic mange common in pigs? Describe the lesions

Rare | Nodular- snout

What are the hosts of Cheyletiella spp.?

Dogs and cats

Are Cheyletiella spp. contagious?

Very contagious | Potentially zoonotic

What are Cheyletiella spp known as?

Walking dandruff | Fur mite

What is the life cycle of Cheyletiella?

Nonburrowing

What are the clinical signs of Cheyletiella in dogs? Cats?

Exfoliative dermatitis Inflammation Hyperaesthesia Long-haired breed cats have similar signs espeically on head/trunk

What is the host of Pneumonyssoides caninum?

Dogs

What is Pneumonyssoides caninum?

Nasal mite

Where do all stages of Pneumonyssoides caninum occur?

In sinuses, superficial

What are the clinical signs of Pneumonyssoides caninum?

Rhinitis | Hyperemic mucosa

What is used to diagnose Pneumonyssoides caninum?

Rhinoscopy | Nasal swabs

What is used to treat Pneumonyssoides caninum?

Mainly avermectins

Describe Knemidocoptes mutans

Chickens, pet birds | Sever hyperkeratosis

Describe Dermanyssus gallinae

Chickens, wild birds | Anemia; decreased production

Describe Ornithonyssus sylvarium

Chickens, turkeys, etc. | Anemia; soiled vent feathers

Ectoparasites IV: Mites Flashcards

(71 cards)