Egypt

Question 1

Egyptian time period

Answer 1

3200 - 341 BC

Question 2

Answer 2

Hieroglypics “Sacred Carving”

A system of writing by ancient Egyptians using pictures or symbols to represent words or thoughts;

Question 3

Answer 3

Cartouche

Cartouche Hieroglyphics were used to form an oval plaque representing the birth name of pharaohs, queens and other persons of high standing.

Question 4

Characteristics of Egyptian Art

Answer 4

• Face, feet, legs in profile.
• Shoulders, one eye in frontal view.
• Lacks perspective.
• Men in brown, women in yellow.
• Hieratic scale.
• Many mural paintings.

Question 5

Answer 5

Lotus Motif

Question 6

Answer 6

Papyrus

Question 7

Egyptian building materials

Answer 7

• Granite, sandstone, limestone, diarite
• Not much wood, so not much wood furniture
• Wood reserved for pharaohs and wealthy because it needed to be imported.

Question 8

Sphynx

Answer 8

Mythical monster with the body of a lion and head of another animal, diety, or human.

Question 9

Answer 9

Trabeated Construction

• Composed of columns and lintels.
• Most common Egyptian construction technique.
• Posts can’t span far.

Question 10

Architrave

Answer 10

The lowest member of the three principal divisions of a classical entablature; also a molding used to surround a door or window opening.

Question 11

Abacus

Answer 11

The block that forms the uppermost member of the capital of a column and divides the capital from the entablature.

Question 12

Capital, Shaft, base of column

Answer 12

Question 13

Answer 13

Palmiform capital

Question 14

Answer 14

Lotiform column

Stems gathered, later became fluting.

Question 15

Answer 15

Papyriform Column (could be open or closed capital)

Question 16

Answer 16

Mastaba Tombs

Tombs for the upper class, which eventually evolved into pyramids.

Question 17

Answer 17

Pyramids

• Tombs
• Located close to the Nile so bodies may be transported to them.

Question 18

Egyptian Temples

Answer 18

• Dedicated to one or more Gods or Goddesses
• Public not allowed inside
• Priests maintained and performed daily rituals

Question 19

Naos

Answer 19

Area of the temple that housed the statue.

Question 20

Hypostyle Construction

Answer 20

An Egyptian building or hall constructed by rows of columns to support a roof or ceiling. Allows for the construction of larger spaces, esp. temples.

Question 21

Pylon

Answer 21

A monumental gateway shaped like a truncated pyramid flanking the entrance to an ancient Egyptian temple.

A pair of towers with slanting walls that flank the entrance portal.

Question 22

Axial Plan

Answer 22

A room, building, or plan that is longitudinal along an axis or a layout that is symmetrical about an axis.

Question 23

Egyptian town planning

Answer 23

• Segregated classes.
• Planning took into consideration hot, dry, stagnant climate.

Question 24

Answer 24

Egyptian Row houses

• Flat roof
• Built to stay cool (few windows)
• Made out of mud brick
• Additional living space on top of the roof allowed people to sleep outside with the breeze
• Few windows, places high to avoid theft
• Very little furniture
• Cooking done outside for heat
• Loggia

Question 25

Clerestory

Answer 25

Windows or openings placed in the upper part of wall or in the highest story, especially above a roof, located to bring light into the central area of a building. Same as clere-story, clearstory, or clear-story.

Question 26

Loggia

Answer 26

A porch or gallery with an open colonnade on one or more sides.

Question 27

Answer 27

Tripartite plan A three-part plan designed in a linear arrangement that moves from public to private, generally composed of an entryway, hypostyle hall, and sanctuary or living quarters, often seen in buildings of Ancient Egypt. Reception room, central hall/living, private area.

Question 28

Types of wood imported for furniture

Answer 28

Sycamore Palm Ebony Cedar

Question 29

Answer 29

Folding stools and fixed stools Folding stools used mostly by men Would have had stretched linen or leather over the seat

Question 30

Answer 30

King Tut's fixed stool - **Double cove** seat - **Directional** Lion feet - Lion paw stands on a **drum**

Question 31

Answer 31

Dovetail joint

Question 32

Answer 32

Mortise and Tenon Joint

Question 33

Answer 33

Folding stool from King Tut's tomb Leopard spots, leopard tail, and duck head legs

Question 34

Answer 34

Double Shoulder Miter

Question 35

Answer 35

Miter joint

Question 36

Answer 36

Arm chairs - Highest seat of honor, only for the Pharaoh - **Raking back** / sloped back for comfort - **Directional** animal feet

Question 37

Answer 37

Half Joint

Question 38

Answer 38

Side chair - Raking back / sloped back for comfort - Directional animal feet

Question 39

Answer 39

Ceremonial Chair - double cove seat - base appears to fold

Question 40

Answer 40

Butt Joint

Question 41

Answer 41

Gold throne of King Tut Inlaid gold, silver, lapis Arms signify use by Paraoh Directional feet

Question 42

Answer 42

Bed - Only for wealthy (most people would sleep on a mat) - Caning, would have been used with a linen and feather mattress - **Yoke** headrest

Question 43

Answer 43

Yoke Headrest Could be decorative or plain

Question 44

Answer 44

Chest Would store valuables Would wrap knobs with leather or twine and seal with wax as a warning system that they had been robbed

Question 45

Polychrome

Answer 45

Painted A multicolored ornament or pattern; something of several colors.

Question 46

Answer 46

Casket A small portable box or chest made of precious woods or metal inlays, carvings, and paints, used to hold trinkets, jewels, papers, and other valuable items.

Question 47

Answer 47

Alabaster vase for expensive perfume

Question 48

Answer 48

Oil burning lamp holds oil and wick