Gothic

Question 1

Gothic

Answer 1

• Originated in France
• Characterized by height and delicacy - pointed arch, buttress, tracery, and large windows
• Wood becomes common in furniture
• Structure dominated by thrust and counterthrust
• Highly religious time

Question 2

Gothic Cathedral

Answer 2

• became the center of town life
• acted as town hall, school, museum, and gallery
• Christian church
• Cathedrals were built to give people work and as a tourist attraction
• Often unknown designers

Question 3

Fundamental teachings of the Gothic Church

Answer 3

Piety - the fullfillment of Religious obligations

Humility - modesty and humbleness in the eyes of the church

Asceticism - a measure of personal and spiritual discipline

Question 4

Gothic art

Answer 4

Appealed to the emotional side of people who were ignorant and superstitious

Question 5

Answer 5

Tracery

Ornamental stone mullions commonly found
in the stained glass of Gothic architecture.

Question 6

Answer 6

Latin cross plan

A cross with three short equal arms and
one extended lower arm.

Question 7

Nave

Answer 7

The central section of a
Latin cross church, generally
terminated by an apse and
flanked by aisles.

Question 8

Transcept

Answer 8

The central section of a
Latin cross church, generally
terminated by an apse and
flanked by aisles.

Question 9

Apse

Answer 9

The semicircular or angular
extension usually in the east end
of a Christian church or basilica.

Question 10

Ambulatory

Answer 10

The aisle or passageway around the apse in a
church.

Question 11

Narthex

Answer 11

The arcaded porch of a
church that leads to the nave.

Question 12

Pointed arch

Answer 12

Allowed for harmonious, unified effect and more illumination.

Question 13

Answer 13

Ribbed vault / groin vault

Question 14

stained glass windows

Answer 14

Often 20’ wide by 30’ high

• Windows were so big that they needed large stone mullions for support.
• People were illiterate. Stained glass windows told stories of the bible.

Question 15

Answer 15

Rose window

A large circular window with
tracery resembling a stylized
rose, usually in the façade of a
Gothic church or cathedral.

Question 16

Answer 16

Buttress

An exterior architectural support commonly found
in Gothic era cathedrals, tied into masonry walls
in order to disburse the structure’s load bearing
weight.

Question 17

Answer 17

Flying buttress

A finger-like arch that extends from
a wall to a buttress, designed to
counteract the thrust of a roof or
vault, typically found on the exterior
of Gothic cathedrals.

Used so cathedrals could grow higher.

Question 18

Answer 18

Gargoyle

A grotesque carved human or animal figure
often used as a rain spout in Gothic architecture.

Question 19

Answer 19

Chimera

A mythological animal, originating with the Greeks and
Romans, with the head of a lion,
part goat, with a dragon tail.

Was not functional. Decoration.

Question 20

Castle

Answer 20

• Mote or ditch
• fixed bridge and draw bridge
• Outside wall known as a curtain wall. Could be 8’ to 20’ thick
• Tower to watch for intruders
• Keep where people lived - located in the highest point. The most secure place in the castle. Contained kitchen, great hall, servant sleeping quarters, lord/lady sleeping quarters.
• A chapel
• Poorly ventilated. Cold in the winter, wet/damp in summer.

Question 21

Gothic living

Answer 21

• Very little comfort due to political conditions

Question 22

Answer 22

Keep floorplan

Question 23

Great hall

Answer 23

• Two stories high
• Exposed beams or trusses, which were painted
• Stone, brick, or tile floor
• Sometimes straw lined floor because they brought animals inside when under attack
• Minstrel gallery
• Would sometimes have a fire pit area.
• Tapestries on the walls.

Question 24

Spiral staircase

Answer 24

Easier for inhabitant to swordfight in a downward direction to defend castle (most people were right handed).

Question 25

Answer 25

Dais A raised platform commonly used in the Great Hall of medieval castles as a place for nobles to dine. Usually had two throne-like chairs for lord and lady.

Question 26

Lancet windows

Answer 26

A tall, narrow window with a sharply pointed, arched top typical of the English Gothic Style. ## Footnote Found in great halls and cathedrals

Question 27

Fireplaces

Answer 27

- Moved from center of room to side. - Could be deep around 6'

Question 28

Answer 28

Gothic tapestries Used natural dyes.

Question 29

Answer 29

Ogee An arch containing S-shaped curves on either side that converge to form a point, commonly found in Islamic architecture. Also identified as an ogive or keel arch.

Question 30

Answer 30

Arcading A series of columns with their entablatures or arches that are represented in relief to decorate panels or fill open frames, especially in the 17th century.

Question 31

Answer 31

Pyramidal hood

Question 32

Answer 32

crocket ## Footnote Gothic ornament designed with a curled leaf or bud used originally as a decoration on the sides of pinnacles on Gothic turrets and subsequently on furniture designs as finials on chairs; also used on cathedrals in imitation of a bishop’s crozier, which symbolized his function as a shepherd protecting his sheep.

Question 33

Answer 33

Crocket capital

Question 34

Finial

Answer 34

A carved or turned ornament used to terminate a post or pediment and to define element intersections.

Question 35

Answer 35

Gothic chair - symbol of authority (most people would be sitting on benches) - would only be two in house, sitting on the dais of the great hall - elongated back - decorative back influenced by tracery of stained glass

Question 36

Answer 36

Linenfold motif Ornamental carving, common in the Gothic and Tudor periods, that resembles folded linen or a scroll of linen.

Question 37

Answer 37

Trefoil

Question 38

Answer 38

Gothic stool - often had a handle - people would sometimes bring their own stool to someones house for dinner

Question 39

Answer 39

Gothic tables - When eating the great wall, family would sit with backs against wall because backs were the most vulnerable - Table cloths would be put on **trestle tables**

Question 40

Medieval sleeping concepts

Answer 40

Sleeping area of owners moved upstairs to a room called the **solar** Men and women start sleeping in the same bed - beds got wider. Beds were shorter because people would sleep sitting up. Mattresses would be stuffed with straw and sometimes herbs to keep away fleas.

Question 41

Solar

Answer 41

The private chamber of a lord and lady found in a medieval castle or manor house. Originally partitioned from the end of the Great Hall, the solar was a place for the family to retreat. Also called the great chamber.

Question 42

Tester

Answer 42

The canopy of a four poster bed, often seen in full, half, or threequarter lengths. The term is derived from the French term testiere meaning headpiece.

Question 43

Answer 43

Hung bed Canopy would be attached to wall. Draperies would prevent drafts. Tester is the top part of the canopy, which could be wood or fabric.

Question 44

Trundle bed

Answer 44

Originally Gothic in design, a child’s or servant’s bed on rollers that could be rolled under a full-size bed when not in use.

Question 45

Horn panes

Answer 45

Glass was expensive, so people would soak horns, slice them, and put them in a wooden window frame

Question 46

Answer 46

Garderobe Indoor toilet room that empties into the mote.

Question 47

Answer 47

Ambry Latin word for chest or small cupboard used in churches and castles to hold sacred books, valuables, guns, vessels, linens, and/or utensils of the Eucharist. It also could be the name for a storage place or wardrobe. Could be locked.

Question 48

Answer 48

Dresser/Dressoir - symbol of wealth - highly decorative - made of superimposed shelves intended to show gold, silver plates, cupes, dishes - Could be painted and/or gilded

Question 49

Answer 49

Buffet - does not have doors shelves for dishes/goods

Question 50

Answer 50

Gothic chest - Raised feet because floors were gross - Transported from castle to castle - Lid provides seating

Question 51

Answer 51

Strap-hinge door with linenfold motif