Elizabeth I: Religion - Protestant challenges to the Settlement

Question 1

What did Puritan’s seek

Answer 1

The complete eradication of ‘Popish Superstition’

Question 2

What did the Queen want

Answer 2

Conformity and obedience based on the acceptance of the settlement

Question 3

What was the cause of Purtian emergence

Answer 3

Failure of the Convocation of Canterbury in 1563

They expected further reform of the Church

Question 4

What did Puritans believe wasnt completed

Answer 4

The 1559 English reformation

Question 5

Why did Puritans go against Bishops

Answer 5

Because they believed they were an invention of the Pope to maintain control, rather than an invention of the Early Christian Church

Question 6

What were the 3 groups of Puritans

Answer 6

1. Conformists
2. Presbyterians
3. Separatists

Question 7

What was a Conformist Puritan

Answer 7

Puritan’s who believed the underlying Puritan doctrine however were prepared to compromise on the less essential elements in the interest of the Queen

Question 8

What was a Presbyterian Puritan

Answer 8

Puritan’s who believed compromise was unacceptable and wanted reform.

The church was flawed because it employed a Catholic style hierachy of Archbishops and Bishops which they wanted to be removed

Question 9

Why did Presbyterian’s believe the Church was flawed

Answer 9

Because it employed a Catholic style hierachy (this benefited Elizabeth)

Question 10

What was a Separatist puritan

Answer 10

Puritan’s that formed their own Church on the basis of a doctrine signed by a congregation of people

Question 11

What were Separatists the first step of

Answer 11

Overthrowing order.

Question 12

Why was the threat of separatists minimal

Answer 12

Because they were very limited in number and support

Question 13

What was the threat of conformists

Answer 13

Minimal, they werent radical

Question 14

What was the threat of Presbyterianism

Answer 14

Significant, as emphasised by John Whitgifts Three Articles

Elizabeth employed formidable powers against Presbyterians

Question 15

What did Separatists cause to be passed

Answer 15

The act Against Seditious Sectaries

Question 16

What was the Act Against Seditious Sectaries of 1593

Answer 16

Outlawed Puritanism within England

Question 17

What is the significance of the Act Against Seditious Sectaries

Answer 17

It showed that Elizabeth identified Puritanism as a significant offence - very limited in numbers yet such a harsh punishment

Question 18

What were Presbyterian criticisms voiced in

Answer 18

Two Pamphlets known as the ‘Two Admonitions’

Question 19

Who wrote the Two Admonitions

Answer 19

John FIeld

Question 20

Who wrote the Two Admonitions

Answer 20

John Field

Question 21

What did the First admonition outline

Answer 21

The flaws of the Book of Common prayer and called for the abolition of bishops

Question 22

What did the second admonition outline

Answer 22

A detailed description of a Presbyterian system of Church government

Question 23

What followed the Two Admonitions

Answer 23

The ‘Pamphlet War’

Question 24

Who was the Pamphlet war between

Answer 24

Thomas Cartwright and John Whitgift

Question 25

What did Cartwright believe

Answer 25

That the Church being founded on 'popish' principles meant that it was spiritually flawed, and the 1559 settlement needed to be modifed

Question 26

What did Whitgift believe

Answer 26

That Presbyterianism would split the Church

Question 27

What support did the Presbyterian movement herald

Answer 27

Support from nobles, e.g. Earl of Leicester

Question 28

What was the significance of Noble support of the Presbyterian movement

Answer 28

They defended Clergymen who fell in trouble with the law due to Presbyterian sympathies

Question 29

Why did nobles support the Presbyterian

Answer 29

Because Presbyterianism was a Bulwark against the influence of Catholicism

Question 30

When did the Presbyterian movement begin to develop

Answer 30

in the 1580s

Question 31

Where did ideas of church government develop

Answer 31

Local assemblies and national Synods (Church council outside the Hierachy)

Question 32

What did Peter Turner and Anthony cope develop

Answer 32

Bills that would replace the Book of Common prayer

Question 33

Who was John Whitgift

Answer 33

Archbishop of Canterbury

Question 34

What was John Whitgift determined to do

Answer 34

Destroy Presbyterianism

Question 35

What did John Whitgift issue

Answer 35

Three Articles to which Clergy had to subscribe

Question 36

What did the Three Articles outline

Answer 36

1. Acknowledgement of the Royal Supremacy 2. Acceptance of the prayer book as containing nothing 'Contrary to the word of God' 3. Acceptance that the Thirty-Nine Articles conformed to the Word of God

Question 37

What did the Second of the Three articles caus

Answer 37

A crisis of conscience for many clergy

Question 38

What was Whitgift forced to do regarding the Second article

Answer 38

Back down under pressure from councillors such as Leicester and Walsingham

Question 39

How did Whitgift change the second article

Answer 39

changed it to 'simple acceptance of the Prayer Book'

Question 40

How did Whitgift succeed

Answer 40

Caused George Gifford (Lord Burghleys protege) out of his post Cartwright refused a licence to Preach Had complete support of the queen

Question 41

How didnt Whitgift succeed

Answer 41

By treating radicals and moderates alike, Whitgift caused despair among clergymen

Question 42

When did Puritan influence begin to decline

Answer 42

In the late 1580s

Question 43

Why did Purtian influence decline

Answer 43

1. Death of its key organiser, John Field 2. Death of the Earl of Leicester, Mildmay and Walsingham 3. Defeat of the Spanish Armada reduced the perceived threat of Catholicism 4. Disappearance of Presbyterianism meant Puritan presence was more acceptable within the Church

Question 44

What was religion like by he end of Elizabeth's reign

Answer 44

Religion was no longer a serious political issue and 'godly' puritans were housed within the Church

Question 45

How did the Puritans attempt to change the church

Answer 45

1. Via Parliament | 2. Via the Church

Question 46

How did Puritans attempt to change the church via Parliament

Answer 46

Peter Turner and Anthony cope introduced bills to replace the common pray book. Didnt receive support and Cope was imprisoned - but knighted 5 years later, showering he quickly recovered

Question 47

How did the Puritans attempt to change the church via the Church

Answer 47

Richard Cox and John Jewel accepted positions in the new church Seen as traitors They asked for the Abolition of Holy days, Sign of the Cross to be removed from baptisms