embryo- great vessels

Question 1

during week 4, what Pairs of veins drain into the Sinus Venosus?

Answer 1

1) Anterior cardinal vein
2) posterior cardinal vein
3) umbilical vein
4) Vitelline vein

Question 2

the Sinus venosus drains into what?

Answer 2

sinoatrial canal

Question 3

T/F: only deoxygenated blood enters the sinoatrial canal

Answer 3

false- ALL blood enters through the sinoatrial canal during early development

Question 4

which veins drain deoxygenated blood? oxygenated?

Answer 4

Deoxygenated blood- from The cardinal veins and vitelline

oxygenated- from umbilical vein

Question 5

Left anterior cardinal vein becomes what after it is remodeled?

Answer 5

Caudal portion degenerates

Cranial portion becomes L. brachiocephalic v.

Question 6

the Right anterior cardinal vein becomes which structures after remodeling?

Answer 6

Becomes:

1) R. brachiocephalic vein
2) superior vena cava

Question 7

T/F: Posterior cardinal veins on both sides degenerate during development

Answer 7

true

Question 8

what are the remnants of the posterior cardinal veins?

Answer 8

Root of azygos vein

common iliac veins

Question 9

which umbilical vein degenerates entirely?

Answer 9

right umbilical vein

Question 10

Left umbilical vein forms the _______ _______

Answer 10

ductus venosus

Question 11

what is the Ductus venosus?

Answer 11

• venous shunt between the left umbilical vein and the IVC

- takes the oxygenated blood right to the heart, bypassing the sinusoidal capillaries of the liver

Question 12

which horn of the sinus venosus becomes larger?

Answer 12

right horn

Question 13

the left horn of the sinus venosus forms the _____ _____. what does this structure do?

Answer 13

forms the coronary sinus- it drains into the right atrium.

Question 14

the distal portion of the dorsal aorta fuses to form what?

Answer 14

the descending part of the aorta.

Question 15

how many pairs of pharyngeal arteries arise from the aortic sac?

Answer 15

5

Question 16

1st pharyngeal arch arteries:

Answer 16

Largely Degenerate

Remaining Portions Become Maxillary arteries

Question 17

2nd pharyngeal arch arteries:

Answer 17

Largely Degenerate

Remaining Portions Become Stapedial arteries (middle ear)

Question 18

3rd pharyngeal arch arteries

Answer 18

Form the common carotid arteries

the proximal portions form the internal carotid arteries

Question 19

what do the 4th pharyngeal arch arteries form?

hint: there are left and right side derivatives

Answer 19

right side- proximal right subclavian artery

left side- Forms aortic arch segment
goes from left common carotid to left subclavian arteries

Question 20

T/F: the 5th pharyngeal arch arteries rarely form, and will completely degenerate if formed

Answer 20

true

Question 21

what are the derivatives of the RIGHT SIDE 6th pharyngeal arch arteries?

Answer 21

Proximal portion forms proximal right pulmonary artery

distal degenerates

Question 22

what are the derivatives of the LEFT SIDE 6th pharyngeal arch arteries?

Answer 22

Proximal portion forms proximal left pulmonary artery

distal portion forms the ductus arteriosus

Question 23

the ductus arteriosus closes after birth and remains as the ____________________

Answer 23

closes after birth as ligamentum arteriosum

Question 24

the recurrent laryngeal nerve hooks under the _________ arteries

Answer 24

6th pharyngeal arch

these nerves are dragged caudally during development

Question 25

after development, the Left recurrent laryngeal n. hooks under ________ ________

Answer 25

ligamentum arteriosum (the remnant of the left 6th pharyngeal arch artery)

Question 26

T/F: the right recurrent laryngeal nerve will hook under the right subclavian artery

Answer 26

true

Question 27

the aortic sac will form the proximal portion of which 2 structures?

Answer 27

aortic arch and the brachiocephalic trunk

Question 28

the pulmonary trunk & ascending aorta are both derived from the:

Answer 28

Truncus arteriosis

Question 29

the left side of the dorsal aorta will eventually form what?

Answer 29

the rest of aortic arch distal to left subclavian artery

Question 30

what are the adult derivatives of the vitelline arterial plexus?

Answer 30

Celiac trunk, SMA, IMA

Question 31

which vessel carries deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta?

Answer 31

umbilical artery | remember- arteries go away from the heart

Question 32

Each umbilical artery arises from the caudal ______ ______

Answer 32

dorsal aorta

Question 33

after birth, what will the proximal end of the umbilical arteries form?

Answer 33

- Internal iliac arteries | - internal vesical arteries

Question 34

at birth, the Foramen ovale closes off as the _____ ______ and the ductus arteriosis closes off as the ______ ______

Answer 34

fossa ovalis ligamentum arteriosum

Question 35

what structure will the left umbilical vein become after birth?

Answer 35

ligamentum Teres hepatis- round ligament of liver

Question 36

the ____________ will close off at birth to form the medial umbilical ligaments

Answer 36

distal umbilical arteries

Question 37

what vein will ultimately form the hepatic portion of the inferior vena cava?

Answer 37

right vitelline vein

Question 38

Right and left vitelline veins caudal to liver will form what?

Answer 38

the hepatic portal system

Question 39

the left vitelline vein will do what?

Answer 39

degenerates between heart and liver