Emotion WEEK 9

Question 1

Cognitive Appraisal means

Answer 1

interpretation of meaning

Question 2

closely related to emotion: can be defined as the pattern of observable behaviours that expresses
an individual’s emotions. variable, fluctuating in response to changing emotional states

Answer 2

Affect
(Affect is variable, fluctuating in response to changing emotional states)

Question 3

a depressed person with blunted —— is not describing an emotion but describes they show very little intensity in their emotional expression.

Answer 3

affect

Question 4

Some people use the terms affect and ——- to explain emotion.

Answer 4

mood

Question 5

defined as the pattern of observable behaviours that expresses an individual’s emotions.

Answer 5

Affect

Question 6

Affect is also different to —–, which is generally a longer lasting and more general emotional
state

Answer 6

mood

Question 7

Affect and mood differ by:

Answer 7

Affect involves visible actions and behaviours,
whereas
mood may be internalised and unobservable .

Question 8

an evaluative response (a positive or negative feeling)
that typically includes some combination of physiological arousal, subjective experience and behavioural or expression.

Answer 8

Emotion

Question 9

William James (1884) argued that emotion is rooted in bodily experience.
According to James, an emotion-inducing stimulus elicits visceral, or gut, reactions and voluntary behaviours such
as running or gesturing. The physical experience in turn leads the person to feel ———, and the arousal
stimulates the subjective experience of, for example, ——.

Answer 9

aroused

fear

Question 10

James–Lange theory states that emotions originate in ——- nervous system responses that the
——– nervous system then interprets

Answer 10

peripheral nervous system > central nervous system (linear)

Question 11

Cannon–Bard theory, states
that emotion-inducing stimuli ——– elicit both an emotional experience, such as fear, and bodily
responses, such as sweaty palms

Answer 11

simultaneously

Question 12

a measure of sweat on the palms related to arousal or anxiety, also known as

Answer 12

galvanic skin response ( or GSR)

Question 13

people that have the inability to recognise their own feelings, they report what seem to be meaningful,
painful or traumatic experiences with bland indifference are likely to be encountering

Answer 13

alexithymia

Question 14

Talking about trauma and emotions can be beneficial - The more complex and coherent people’s narratives after disclosing traumatic events, the more their

Answer 14

health improves

Question 15

a combination of being satisfied with your life, having lots of positive feelings and less negative feelings is

Answer 15

happiness

Question 16

Seligman (2011) suggests happiness is derived from five distinct and measurable areas of everyday life: - what is the the PERMA model of happiness
or wellbeing

Answer 16

Pleasure, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning and Accomplishment

Question 17

One predictor of happiness is the extent to which a culture is more

Answer 17

individualistic or collectivistic.

Question 18

People in ——— cultures, which focus on the needs and desires of individuals, tend to be happier
than people in ———

Answer 18

individualistic

collectivist cultures, which emphasise the needs of the group.

Question 19

the overt behavioural signs of emotion. People
express feelings in various ways, including facial expressions, posture, gestures and tone of voice if known as

Answer 19

emotional expression

Question 20

COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVE:
inferences about causes you make about bodily sensations

Answer 20

attributions

Question 21

COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVE:
Schachter–Singer theory,

Answer 21

emotion involves two factors: physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation

Question 22

Stressful
emotional experiences can alter

Answer 22

the structure of the brain

Question 23

anxiety can reduce ——- memory capacity and explicit —– ———– by distracting the person from the task at hand

Answer 23

working

explicit problem solving

Question 24

traumatised monkeys showed a reduction in neural cells in the ------------, a neural structure that plays a crucial role in memory

Answer 24

hippocampus

Question 25

Anger, fear and sadness elevate heart rate, but of these three emotions, only anger also increases

Answer 25

temperature

Question 26

People learn to control the way they express many emotions, using patterns of emotional expression considered appropriate within their culture or subculture, called

Answer 26

display rules

Question 27

the basic emotions is that between positive and negative ------

Answer 27

affect

Question 28

Positive and negative affect appear to motivate different kinds of behaviour and to involve different regions of the ------- -------------.

Answer 28

cerebral cortex

Question 29

Positive affect drives pleasure-seeking, approach-oriented behaviour, whereas negative affect leads to ------------------

Answer 29

avoidance

Question 30

there is a link between emotion and -------

Answer 30

cognition

Question 31

a central idea of CBT is that our emotions are a result of the

Answer 31

thoughts that give meaning to a situation

Question 32

women tend to feel emotions more -------- than most men

Answer 32

intensely

Question 33

Arousal is an outcome of which nervous system

Answer 33

autonomic

Question 34

which nervous system calms us down and regulates

Answer 34

Para sympathetic

Question 35

a balanced amount of anxiety and fear that produces the best results is known as

Answer 35

optimal arousal

Question 36

theory that posits emotion involves two factors: physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation

Answer 36

Schachter–Singer theory

Question 37

nature has endowed us with emotional responses ‘designed’ to lead us to approach and avoid people, objects and situations in ways that foster ----- and --------

Answer 37

survival and reproduction.