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Psychology 1A > States Of Consciousness WEEK 4 > Flashcards

States Of Consciousness WEEK 4 Flashcards

1
Q

The subjective awareness of mental events

A

Consciousness

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2
Q

The process of focusing conscious awareness, providing heightened sensitivity to a limited range of experiences requiring more extensive information processing

A

Attention

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3
Q

The normal flow of consciousness can be measured through

A

experience sampling

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4
Q

An example of Experience sampling test for measuring the flow of consciousness

A

beeper study

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5
Q

A major component of the normal flow of consciousness is

A

daydreaming

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6
Q

turning attention away from external stimuli and having internal thoughts and imagined scenarios is also known as

A

daydreaming

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7
Q

A mental state of conciousness where a person is fully absorbed in an activity feeling engaged focus

A

Flow

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8
Q

Complete involvement and intrinsic enjoyment of an activity indicates you are in a mental state of

A

Flow

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9
Q

The person is currently subjectively aware according to Freud is ——- mental activity, of which the person is currently aware

A

Conscious

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10
Q

Processes of which a person are not currently conscious but could be readily brought to consciousness according to Freud

A

PreConscious

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11
Q

According to Freud this process is dynamically kept from consciousness because they are threatening

A

Unconscious

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12
Q

The cognitive unconscious focuses on

A

information processing mechanisms that operate outside of awareness

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13
Q

The cognitive unconscious focuses on Procedural Knowledge and implicit memory which, according to the cognitive perspective, operate outside —-

A

awareness

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14
Q

According to behavioural perspective consciousness has two functions

A

Monitor and Control

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15
Q

According to the behavioural perspective Consciousness is considered analogous to a

A

Continuously moving video camera, surveying thoughts, emotions, perceptions goals and problem solving goals

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16
Q

Conciousness evolved as a mechanism for directing bahviour in adaptive ways is the theory of the

A

Evolutionary perspective

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17
Q

According to the evolutionary perspective the primary purpose of consciousness is to foster

A

adaption

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18
Q

The sleep cycle is governed by

A

circadian rhythms

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19
Q

Cyclical biological “clocks” that evolved around the cycles of light and dark

A

circadian rhythms

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20
Q

Sleep proceeds through a series of stages that can be assessed by

A

EEG

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21
Q

The major distinction in sleep cycles is between

A

REM and non REM sleep

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22
Q

Most dreaming occurs in

A

REM sleep

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23
Q

During REM sleep the EEG takes on an active pattern resembling

A

Waking Consciousness

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24
Q

Freudian: Dreams have meanding distiguised between the —–

A

Manifest content (storyline) and the latent content (underlying meaning)

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25
Q

Psychodynamic term: Manifest Content of a dream

A

Storyline of a dream

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26
Q

Psychodynamic term: Latent Content of a dream

A

Underlying meaning of a dream

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27
Q

The usual conscious ways of perceiving thinking and feeling are modified or disrupted

A

Altered State of Consciousness

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28
Q

The usual conscious ways of perceiving thinking and feeling are modified or disrupted through meditation and hypnosis or drugs

A

Altered State of Consciousness

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29
Q

Deep state of tranquility by altering the normal flow of consciousness

A

Meditation

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30
Q

Deep relaxation and suggestibility

A

Hypnosis

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31
Q

Alcohol and other depressants, hallucinogens and marijuana that operate on the nervous system to alter mental activity are known as

A

Psychoactive Substances

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32
Q

Condition that occurs when 2 or more senses overlap ie smell and vision

A

Synaesthesia

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33
Q

Subjective experience that dynamically changes throught the day in relation to environment and stimuli

A

Consciousness

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34
Q

Cogito Ergo Sum means what and was said by who

A

Rene Descartes “I think, therefore I am”

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35
Q

The mindful attention and awareness scale (2011) and Consciousness quotient inventory (CQ-i) was designed to

A

measure levels of consciousness during the day

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36
Q

EEG stands for

A

Electroencephalogram which can measure and detect brain activity

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37
Q

Brain imaging can help doctors assesses the likelyhood

A

A vegetative patient may recover

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38
Q

Consciousness has two functions

A

Monitors the self and environment, regulation of thought and behaviour

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39
Q

Analogous

A

comparable in certain respects, typically in a way which makes clearer the nature of the things compared.

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40
Q

Consciousness often steps in when ———– are not successfeul

A

Automated processes (procedural knowledge)

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41
Q

Anatomy term regarding location: relating to, or involving both the back and the sides

A

Dorsolateral (Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex) - The back and side of the prefrontal cortex

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42
Q

Dorsolateral Prefrontal cortex is responsible for processing

A

working memory and conscious decision making and is activated when people exercise conscious control

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43
Q

Test where a word is a colour written (ie GREEN) but the colour of the font is another colour such as red and the participant is to name the colour of the font

A

stroop test, requiring conscious attention

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44
Q

The stroop test leads to activation of the

A

The Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex

45
Q

The anterior Cingulate cortex is suggested to

A

consciously regulating conflicting cues and perhaps inhibiting incorrect responses

46
Q

——– are qualitatively different patterns of subjective experience, including ways of experiencing both internal and external events

A

States of Comsciousness

47
Q

According to the evolutionary perspective consciousness may have evolved as

A

a mechanism for directing behaviour in adaptive ways, that was superimposed on primitive psychological processes such as conditioning

48
Q

Conciousness is often “grabbed” by things that are —– and may affect wellbeing or survival

A

Unexpected Unusual contradictory or contrary to expectations

49
Q

The essence of attention is

A

Selection

50
Q

being able to focus on just one voice though their are many people talking in the room is known as the

A

Cocktail Party Phenomen

51
Q

Thoughts do not remain on topic anf our brain processes additional unrelated sensory information, we are experiencing

A

Mind Wandering

52
Q

People tend to have no awareness of what happened in the external environment when

A

Their mind wanders to another topic

53
Q

Mind wandering is a stable cognitive trait that may increase with

A

stress, boredom or sleepiness

54
Q

Mind wandering decreases with

A

Concentration, effort, successful enjoyable tasks or happiness

55
Q

Diversion of attention away from something relevant but emotionally upsetting

A

Selective Inattention

56
Q

Some of the third wave cognitive-behavioural therapies now consider

A

Treatments based on Mindfulness

57
Q

Attention consists of 3 functions

A
  1. orienting to sensory stimuli 2. Controlling behaviour and contents of consciousness 3, maintaining alertness
58
Q

Attention enhances process at

A

Cortical locations (brain locations)

59
Q

Helps control Eye Movement

A

Superior Colliculi
etymology Superior (toward head or body) Colliculi (Hill, Knoll)

60
Q

Directs attention to particular sensory systems

A

Thalmus (etymology) Inner chamber

61
Q

Direct attention to particular locations in the brain (anatomy)

A

Parietal lobes Prietal (forms the walls of the structure)

62
Q

Paradoxically, consciousness is to a alrage degree regulated ……..of the …….

A

outside of the consciousness

63
Q

How much to listen to someone who is talking is an example of which component of attention

A

Control the contents of consciousness

64
Q

Network of neurons that are involved in regulating states of alertness

A

Reticular formation

65
Q

Trying to follow two conversation simultaneously is an example of

A

Divided attention

66
Q

Action previously perfrom with conscious attention are eventually processed ……

A

Automatically. Automatisation.

67
Q

The failure to notice unexpected stimulus occurring in ones visual field is an example of

A

Inattention blindness

68
Q

Automatising one or more tasks or rapidly shifting attention between them refers to the capacity to split attention or cognitive resources between two or more tasks

A

Divided Attention

69
Q

Thinking about something other than what is currently happening in the individuals environment

A

Daydreaming

70
Q

daydreaming may serve and adaptive purpose and enhance

A

memory consolidation, enhance social slkills and problem solving and creativity

71
Q

Study participants report on the contents of their consciousness is a technique called

A

Experience Sampling technique

72
Q

An example of a experience sampling technique is

A

Beeper Studies

73
Q

Beeper studies

A

intermittent alerts prompting a participant to stop and log the current experience

74
Q

A study has found that some students reported wandering minds not when they are bored but when overtaxed by unusually challenging tasks seeming to it as a ….

A

coping mechanism

75
Q

Flow research indicates it is related to —-networks

A

Dopamine (reward), intrinsic reward systems and positive versus negative emotional arousal

76
Q

Much of the neural research of flow is —– rather than confirmatory

A

Exploratory

77
Q

Daydreaming is often used for

A

pleasure or problem solving

78
Q

Consciousness is not considered highly relevent according to modern….

A

behaviourist

79
Q

A change in coginitive psychology occered when research on ——- memory and —- emerged

A

Implicit memory and cognition

80
Q

Freud define consciousness as on of three mental systems

A

conscious, preconscious and unconscious

81
Q

Freud defined subjective awareness of stimuli, feelings or ideas as

A

Conscious Mental Processes

82
Q

Freud catagorised consciouness into 3 ………….

A

Mental processes

83
Q

Perception of stimuli below the threshold of consciousness

A

Subliminal Perception

84
Q

in cognitive psychology - an unconscious motivation; a memory that affects us without us realising it

A

Implicit Motivation

85
Q

there are two types of motivation:

A

conscious and unconscious

86
Q

Studies have shown that when people are not actively thinking about their conscious goals, they tend to act based on ……….

A

unconscious motives.

87
Q

research findings that people can respond emotionally to situations or individuals without

A

knowing the exact reason why they feel that way. (unconscious)

88
Q

Cognitive research refers to information-processing mechanisms that operate outside of ———

A

Awareness (ie implicit memory)
(rather tahn information the person wants to keep from awareness)

89
Q

An example of preconsciousness is

A

Memories (readily available)

90
Q

Freud: The unconscious mind contains 1—– 2—– 3——- that are hidden from our conscious awareness and can influence our behavior without us realising it.

A

thoughts, desires, and memories

91
Q

When Freud used the terms “descriptively” and “dynamically” unconscious, he was making a distinction between two aspects of ………..

A

unconscious processes.

92
Q

Frued: type of unconscious process that refers to thoughts and memories that are hidden from conscious awareness. They are things we are not aware of at a given moment.

A

Descriptively unconscious

93
Q

Freud: type of unconscious process that refers to the hidden thoughts and desires that actively influence our behaviour and emotions. These hidden forces from the unconscious can impact our actions, motivations, and decisions

A

Dynamically unconscious

94
Q

Freud: The hidden memory doesn’t actively influence your present behavior or emotions because you have no conscious access to it. It remains dormant in your mind and does not affect your daily life.

A

Descriptively Unconscious:
Descriptive = Dormant)

95
Q

Freud: The hidden fear of dogs actively impacts your behavior and emotions even though you don’t consciously know the reason behind it. Your fear influences how you respond to dogs (affects your life), even though the initial trigger is not available to your conscious awareness.

A

Dynamically Unconscious
(dynAmic = Affects life, unsure why)

96
Q

——- unconscious refers to hidden memories or information that have little to no impact on your current thoughts, feelings, and behavior because they are not accessible to your conscious mind

A

Descriptively unconscious
(descriptive = doormant)

97
Q

——– unconscious includes hidden thoughts, desires, or emotions that actively shape your behaviour and emotions, even though you may not be consciously aware of the specific underlying reasons

A

dynamically unconscious
(DynAmic = Affects, not sure why)

98
Q

What term does Information processing models (cognitive) use inetrchangeable with ‘Consciousness’

A

Working memory

99
Q

Implicit memory is

A

Unconscious

100
Q

Explicit memory is

A

Conscious

101
Q

COGNITIVE: What are some strengths of unconscious processes in everyday behavior?

A

Unconscious processes, such as skills, priming, and classical conditioning, are extremely fast, efficient, and can lead to adaptive responses based on learning from observed regularities in the environment

102
Q

COGNITIVE: How does the capacity of conscious and unconscious processes differ

A

Consciousness has limited capacity, allowing only one “scene” or focus at a time. In contrast, unconscious processes can operate simultaneously with multiple networks gathering data and offering potential solutions.

103
Q

COGNITIVE: How do conscious processes differ from unconscious processes in terms of flexibility?

A

Conscious processes are more flexible than unconscious processes, as consciousness can consider the “big picture” and is not limited to parallel networks operating in separate domains.

104
Q

COGNITIVE: According to cognitive theory, what is the role of consciousness in decision-making?

A

unconscious processes start coming up with different options. Consciousness helps by choosing the most promising solutions from these options and making them more noticeable in our minds.

105
Q

Psychodynamic research supports the hypothesis that emotional and motivational processes can …..

A

occur outside our awareness

106
Q

COGNITIVE: knowing how to perform specific skills or tasks. It involves implicit knowledge acquired through practice, enabling automatic and efficient performance without the need for conscious explanation.

A

Procedural Knowldege

107
Q

the unconscious or automatic retention and influence of previously learned information or experiences on our thoughts, behaviors, or actions, without us being explicitly aware of it.

A

implicit memory

108
Q

The centre of subjective awareness

A

Consciousness

109
Q

What is the feedback loop between the thalamus and cortex?

A

The thalamus and cortex have a feedback loop where the thalamus and reticular formation broadly activate the cortex, and then the cortex sends messages back to the thalamus to narrow the focus of attention. This interaction helps the cortex focus its conscious spotlight on a specific target.

Psychology 1A (14 decks)

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