Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

First Aid > Endocrine > Flashcards

Endocrine Flashcards

(50 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Overall affect of Insulin (7)

A
  1. Increase glucose transport into muscle and adipose tissue
  2. Increase glycogen sythesis and storage
  3. Increase TG synthesis
  4. Increase Na retention by kidneys
  5. Increase protein syntheis
  6. Increase cellular uptake of K and AA
  7. Decrease glucagon release
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Function of Prolactin

A

Stimulates Milk production

Inhibts ovulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cortisol funciton is a BIG FIB

A
  • Blood Pressure increased
  • Insulin resistance increased
  • Gluconeogenesis, lipolysis and proteolysis increased
  • Fibroblast activity decreased (causes striae**)
  • Inflammatory and Immune responses decreased
  • Bone function decreases
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are common causes of Decreased Mg causing an Increase in PTH

A
  1. Diarrhea
  2. AG
  3. Diuretics
  4. Alcohol abuse
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Hormones that use cAMP

FLAT ChAMP

A
  • FSH
  • LH
  • ACTH
  • TSH
  • CRH
  • hCG
  • ADH (V2)
  • MSH
  • PTH
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Hormones that use IP3

GOAT HAG

A
  • GnRH
  • Oxytocin
  • ADH (V1)
  • TRH
  • Histamine (H1)
  • ATN 2
  • Gastrin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Hormones that use Steroid receptors

VETTT CAP

A
  • Vit D
  • Estrogen
  • Testosterone
  • T3/T4
  • Cortisol
  • Aldosterone
  • Progesterone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

T3 function

4 B’s

A

Brain maturation

Bone growth

β-adrenergic

BMR increased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Wolff-Chiakoff effect

A

Excess iodine temporarily inhibits thyroid peroxidase causing a decrease in T3/T4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

T4 converted to T3 via

A

5’-deiodinase in peripheral tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What inhibites both Peroxidase and 5’-deiodinase

A

PTU

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Methimazole inhibits

A

Peroxidase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cushing syndrome is an

A

Increase in Cortisol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cushing syndrome findings (10)

A
  1. HT
  2. Weight game
  3. moon face
  4. Truncal obesity
  5. Buffalo hump
  6. Hyperglycemia
  7. Skin thinning and striae
  8. Osteoporosis
  9. Amenorrhea
  10. Immune suppression
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Conn syndrome is

A

Primary Hyperaldosteronism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Addison disease is

A

Chronic primary adrenal insufficiency due to adrenal atrophy or destruction

Involves all 3 cortical divisions sparing medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Most common tumor of adrenal medulla in children is

A

Neuroblastoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Most common tumor of the adrenal medulla in adults is

A

Pheochromocytoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Pheochromocytoma derived from

A

Chromaffin cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Pheochromocytoma associated with

A

VHL

RCC

MEN 2A and 2B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Signs/Symptoms of Hypothyroidism (8)

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Cold intolerance (decrease heat production)
  2. Weight gain with decreased appetite
  3. Hypoactivity, lethargy, fatigue, weakness
  4. Constipation
  5. Decrease reflexes
  6. Myxedema (facial/preorbital)
  7. Dry, cool skin with coarse brittle hair
  8. Bradycardia
22
Q

Signs/Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism (8)

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Heat intolerance (increase heat production)
  2. Weight loss with increased appetite
  3. Hyperactivity
  4. Diarrhea
  5. Increased reflexes
  6. Pretibial myxedema (GRAVES)
  7. Warm, moist skin with fine hair
  8. Chest pain, palpatations, arrhythmia
23
Q

Hürthle cells seen in

24
Q

Hashimoto HLA

25
**6 P**'s of Cretinism (**Congenital hypothyroidism**)
1. **P**ot-bellied 2. **P**ale 3. **P**uffy-faced child 4. **P**rotruding umbilicus 5. **P**rotuberant tonge 6. **P**oor brain
26
Treat Thyroid storm in Graves with **3 P's**
1. **P**ropranolol 2. **P**TU 3. **P**rednisolone
27
What is seen in Papillary Carcionoma of Thyroid
Orphan Annie eyed nucleus Psammoma bodies Nuclear
28
Amyloid stroma seen in what thype of Thyroid cancer
Medullary
29
Treatment ofr Acromegaly
Octreotide (**somatostatin**) Pegvisomant (**GH receptor antagonist**)
30
What reflects average blood glucose over prior 3 months
HbA1c
31
Rapid acting Insulin do not **LAG**
**L**ispro **A**spart **G**lulisine
32
Long acting insulin are
Glargine Detemir
33
Metformin is oral, first-line thearpy in
Type 2 DM
34
Metformin contraindicated
in renal failure b/c Causes lactic acidosis
35
Sulfonylureas MOA
* Close K channel in β-cell membrane causes cell to depolarize * Depolarization tirggers insulin release via increase Ca influx
36
First generation Sulfonylureas
Tobutamide Chlorpropamide
37
Second generation Sulfonylureas
Glyburide Glimepiride Glipizide
38
First generation Sulfonylureas toxicity
Disulfiram
39
Second generation sulfonylureas toxicity
Hypoglycemia
40
-glitazone MOA
Increase insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissue by bingin to PPAR-γ nuclear transcription regulator
41
-glitazone toxicity
Weight gain Edema Hepatotoxicity HF
42
Acarbose is
α-glucosidase inhibitor delaying sugar hydrolysis and glucose absorption
43
Pramlintide is
Amylin analog causing decreased glastic emptying and decrease glucagon
44
GLP-1 analogs are
Exenatide Liraglutide
45
Action of GLP-1 analogs
Increase insulin and decrease glucagon release
46
GLP-1 analogs toxicity
Pancreatitis
47
-Gliptins are
DPP-4 inhibitor Increases Insulin and decreases glucagon release
48
Octreotide is
Somatostatin analog
49
DDAVP is
ADH analog
50
Demeclocyline is
ADH antagonist

First Aid (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions