Enlightenment Despotism Flashcards
What was the point of enlightenment despotism?
- improvement in education as it was seen to also improve humanity
- did establish rational/reason reforms
What was the first servant of the state?
they were a true enlightened despot who was devoted to helping their people and improving their state. they were supposed to be well rational edicts
What did the first servant of state include?
included the philosopher prince which was combining a prince and a philopsher to create the perfect rule.
Who are the three enlightened despots?
Frederick II of Prussia, Catherine II of Russia, and Joseph II of Austria
What did Fredrick II of Prussia do the standing Prussian standing army?
he increased the size of the army, doubling it during his reign.
What was the school code of 1763?
It required children between 5 through 13 to attend school. He wanted to teach children conformity and wanted to see them become good citizens and accept their social status that they had been born into. was not a success.
How did Catherine II have a fascination with Western Europe?
- carried a relationship with well known French intellectuals known to philosophy such as volitare
- westernized the thinking of Russian nobility
What did Catherine II convene?
Convened the legislative commission which became one large law code for Russia which would create an orderly and rational government for Russia. it gave instruction, which incorporated enlightenment into the laws, one was equality before the law. it held 200 sessions, one was to give Catherine a title but Catherine would later dismiss it since it failed to complete its task.
what was serfdom?
it was an oppressive system in Russia,where people are bound to the land they were born. people who were under this are called serfs. they were under the control of powerful nobles.
What was Pugachev’s rebellion?
It was headed by emelian pugachev who claimed to be Peter iii. he abolished serfdom, taxes, and mandatory military service. however he was captured and brutally executed. it was a decisive turning point in Catherine’s reign. saw the serfs as a threat to her regime. introduced a more oppressive of serfdom, causing the revolt to fail.
Who did Jospeh II, Holy Roman & Austrian emperor rule with and represent?
He ruled with his mother empress Maria Theresa, and he represented the habsburgs?
What was Joseph II called?
He was the most revolutionary reformer of all the 18th century kings.
What did Joseph II do about religious policy?
he made full religious toleration of calvinists, lutherans and orthodox christians.
What did Joseph II introduce education wise?
He introduced compulsory education. 25% of the children attended school which was the best record in the late 18th century Europe.
Who was Leopard II?
He was the ruler that abolished most of Joseph’s edicts. most nobles did not get the power they had back before Joseph II was ruler.
