ENTEROBACTERERIACEAE

Question 2

This bacterial family consists of gram-negative, non-spore-forming, short rods.

Answer 2

Enterobacteriaceae

Question 3

A bacterial family characterized by facultative anaerobes that ferment glucose with acid production.

Answer 3

Enterobacteriaceae

Question 4

This antigenic structure is a capsular polysaccharide, particularly heavy in Klebsiella.

Answer 4

K antigen

Question 5

A flagellar protein antigen found in motile members of Enterobacteriaceae.

Answer 5

H antigen

Question 6

The antigenic structure corresponding to the O-specific polysaccharide chain of lipopolysaccharide.

Answer 6

O antigen

Question 7

This genus of Enterobacteriaceae is a lactose fermenter and includes species such as E. coli.

Answer 7

Escherichia

Question 8

This genus of Enterobacteriaceae does not ferment lactose and includes species like S. enterica.

Answer 8

Salmonella

Question 9

A facultative anaerobic bacterium commonly found in the lower intestines of warm-blooded animals.

Answer 9

Escherichia coli

Question 10

The scientist who first described Escherichia coli in 1885.

Answer 10

Theodore Escherich

Question 11

A pathogenic strain of E. coli that produces lethal toxins and can cause foodborne illness.

Answer 11

E. coli O157:H7

Question 12

The major route of transmission for E. coli infections.

Answer 12

Fecal-oral route

Question 13

This fimbrial antigen of E. coli is best known for its adhesive function.

Answer 13

K88 (F4) antigen

Question 14

A type of enterotoxin produced by E. coli that consists of two polypeptide subunits, A and B.

Answer 14

Heat-labile (LT) enterotoxin

Question 15

A heat-stable enterotoxin of E. coli that affects guanylate cyclase activity in intestinal mucosal cells.

Answer 15

STa enterotoxin

Question 16

A disease in piglets caused by enterotoxigenic E. coli, characterized by severe watery diarrhea.

Answer 16

Neonatal enteritis

Question 17

A bacterial disease in poultry caused by E. coli, leading to septicemia and respiratory infections.

Answer 17

Avian colibacillosis

Question 18

A chronic granulomatous disease in poultry caused by E. coli.

Answer 18

Hjarre’s disease

Question 19

A major cause of urinary tract infections and pyometra in dogs.

Answer 19

Escherichia coli

Question 20

The primary immune response against E. coli infections involves the production of these.

Answer 20

Antibodies against fimbrial antigens

Question 21

This method is used to culture and isolate Enterobacteriaceae from clinical samples.

Answer 21

Blood agar

Question 22

A diagnostic test used to detect E. coli antigens in clinical samples.

Answer 22

ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay)

Question 23

The primary virulence mechanism of enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC).

Answer 23

Attachment and effacement of intestinal cells

Question 24

A strain of E. coli that invades enterocytes and mimics shigellosis.

Answer 24

Enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC)

Question 25

The main bacterial cause of white scours in newborn calves.

Answer 25

Escherichia coli

Question 26

This group of bacteria are known as 'lactose fermenters' within Enterobacteriaceae.

Answer 26

Citrobacter, Escherichia, Enterobacter, Klebsiella

Question 27

This group of bacteria are known as 'non-lactose fermenters' within Enterobacteriaceae.

Answer 27

Shigella, Yersinia, Proteus, Salmonella

Question 28

This structure is responsible for the motility of most Enterobacteriaceae.

Answer 28

Peritrichous flagella

Question 29

This Enterobacteriaceae genus is associated with 'swarming motility' on culture media.

Answer 29

Proteus

Question 30

This antigenic structure is found in the capsule of Salmonella and contributes to virulence.

Answer 30

Vi antigen

Question 31

This zoonotic species of Enterobacteriaceae is associated with plague.

Answer 31

Yersinia pestis

Question 32

This genus of Enterobacteriaceae is an opportunistic pathogen and a common cause of nosocomial infections.

Answer 32

Enterobacter

Question 33

A type of toxin produced by Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), responsible for severe disease.

Answer 33

Shiga-like toxin

Question 34

This term describes an E. coli strain that causes severe bloody diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome.

Answer 34

Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC)

Question 35

This term describes an E. coli strain that aggregates in the intestinal mucosa, causing chronic diarrhea.

Answer 35

Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC)

Question 36

This E. coli strain type primarily affects newborn and weanling pigs, leading to dehydration and high mortality.

Answer 36

Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC)

Question 37

A type of diarrhea-causing E. coli that primarily affects human infants by rearranging actin in host cells.

Answer 37

Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC)

Question 38

This disease in lambs caused by E. coli is characterized by sudden death and septicemia.

Answer 38

Colibacillosis

Question 39

This life-threatening disease in foals is associated with E. coli infection and an inability to suckle.

Answer 39

Neonatal septicemia

Question 40

A bacterial disease in rabbits caused by E. coli, leading to inflammation of the cecum.

Answer 40

Cecitis

Question 41

This Enterobacteriaceae species is associated with mastitis in cattle.

Answer 41

Escherichia coli

Question 42

This structure is used by E. coli to adhere to intestinal epithelial cells, promoting colonization.

Answer 42

Fimbriae

Question 43

A virulence factor of E. coli that increases cyclic GMP levels, leading to diarrhea.

Answer 43

Heat-stable toxin (ST)

Question 44

This Enterobacteriaceae species is commonly associated with pneumonia in humans and animals.

Answer 44

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Question 45

This process allows some Enterobacteriaceae to convert nitrate (NO3) to nitrite (NO2) in anaerobic conditions.

Answer 45

Nitrate reduction

Question 46

This bacteria, commonly found in contaminated food and water, causes bacillary dysentery in humans.

Answer 46

Shigella

Question 47

This Enterobacteriaceae species is a significant cause of typhoid fever in humans.

Answer 47

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi

Question 48

This genus of Enterobacteriaceae is known for causing opportunistic infections in immunocompromised individuals.

Answer 48

Serratia

Question 49

A bacterial species that produces red pigment and is associated with hospital-acquired infections.

Answer 49

Serratia marcescens

Question 50

This Enterobacteriaceae species causes nosocomial infections and is resistant to many antibiotics.

Answer 50

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Question 51

This term refers to an inflammatory response in poultry caused by E. coli, leading to peritonitis and organ infections.

Answer 51

Colisepticemia

Question 52

This condition in piglets is caused by an E. coli toxin that leads to edema and neurological signs.

Answer 52

Edema disease

Question 53

This term describes the characteristic wavy growth pattern of Proteus spp. on culture media.

Answer 53

Swarming motility

Question 54

This bacterial genus includes species like P. mirabilis and P. vulgaris, known for urease production.

Answer 54

Proteus

Question 55

This Enterobacteriaceae species is commonly used as a model organism in bacterial research.

Answer 55

Escherichia coli

Question 56

This Enterobacteriaceae species can cause septicemia in fish and is an emerging aquatic pathogen.

Answer 56

Edwardsiella

Question 57

This bacterial genus within Enterobacteriaceae is often associated with urinary tract infections.

Answer 57

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