PATHO LEC: ME MODULE 1

Question 1

What is pathology?

Answer 1

The study of disease, focusing on its essential nature, causes, development, and the structural and functional changes resulting from disease processes.

Question 2

What does etiology refer to in pathology?

Answer 2

The causes of disease.

Question 3

What is pathogenesis?

Answer 3

The progression of disease in the animal’s body.

Question 4

What role does pathology play in preventive medicine?

Answer 4

It helps rule out diseases or detect them early.

Question 5

What are the two branches of veterinary pathology?

Answer 5

Anatomical pathology and clinical pathology.

Question 6

Define general pathology.

Answer 6

Concerned with the mechanisms underlying disease processes visible through morphologic, physiologic, and biochemical changes.

Question 7

List some specific fields of pathology.

Answer 7

• Clinical Chemistry
• Cytopathology
• Dermatopathology
• Forensic Pathology
• Hematopathology
• Immunopathology
• Neuropathology
• Pediatric Pathology

Question 8

What is surgical pathology?

Answer 8

The examination of surgical specimens and biopsies, often requiring molecular diagnostics.

Question 9

What is renal pathology?

Answer 9

A sub-discipline of anatomical pathology focused on diagnosing medical kidney diseases.

Question 10

What does cytopathology examine?

Answer 10

The microscopic examination of whole, individual cells obtained from smears or fine needle aspirates.

Question 11

What is molecular pathology?

Answer 11

An emerging discipline focusing on nucleic acid-based techniques for studying diseases in tissues and cells.

Question 12

What is the purpose of an autopsy?

Answer 12

To determine the disease factors contributing to a person’s death.

Question 13

What is the role of forensic pathologists?

Answer 13

To determine the cause of death in cases with legal implications.

Question 14

True or False: Forensic pathologists primarily deal with natural causes of death.

Answer 14

True.

Question 15

What is gross examination in pathology?

Answer 15

The examination of diseased tissues with the naked eye.

Question 16

What is histopathology?

Answer 16

The microscopic examination of stained tissue sections using histological techniques.

Question 17

What does immunohistochemistry detect?

Answer 17

The presence, abundance, and localization of specific proteins using antibodies.

Question 18

Fill in the blank: The science of staining tissue sections is called _______.

Answer 18

histochemistry.

Question 19

Who is considered the Father of Medicine?

Answer 19

Hippocrates.

Question 20

What are the four humors according to Hippocrates?

Answer 20

• Blood
• Phlegm
• Yellow bile
• Black bile

Question 21

Who is regarded as the originator of modern anatomy?

Answer 21

Aristotle.

Question 22

What major contribution did William Harvey make to medicine?

Answer 22

Described the blood vascular system and the circulation of blood.

Question 23

What is the significance of the Mosaic Doctrine?

Answer 23

The first recorded evidence of systematic meat inspection.

Question 24

Who is considered the Father of Veterinary Medicine?

Answer 24

Renatus Vegetius.

Question 25

What is electron microscopy used for in pathology?

Answer 25

To examine tissue with greater magnification, enabling visualization of organelles.

Question 26

What is flow immunophenotyping used for?

Answer 26

To determine the immunophenotype of cells using flow cytometry.

Question 27

Who is known as the Father of Veterinary Medicine?

Answer 27

Hippocrates ## Footnote Hippocrates is often referred to as the Father of Veterinary Medicine for his contributions to the field.

Question 28

What significant change occurred in medicine during the Renaissance?

Answer 28

Profound advances in medicine and pathology ## Footnote The Renaissance marked a period of questioning previous works, notably those of Galen.

Question 29

What did William Harvey describe in 1628?

Answer 29

The blood vascular system and the circulation of blood ## Footnote Harvey's work had a far-reaching effect on medicine and pathology.

Question 30

Who was the first to show the practical importance of the microscope?

Answer 30

Antony van Leeuwenhoek ## Footnote He is not credited with discovering the microscope.

Question 31

How did Jean Fernel categorize diseases?

Answer 31

According to organs or parts of the body ## Footnote He divided diseases into those affecting parts above the diaphragm, below the diaphragm, and external diseases.

Question 32

What is Giovanni Morgagni recognized for?

Answer 32

Being one of the earliest pathologists and the originator of modern pathology ## Footnote He correlated pathologic changes in deceased individuals with clinical signs shown during life.

Question 33

What foundation did Marie-Francois Xavier Bichat establish?

Answer 33

The study of histology ## Footnote Bichat proposed that the body is composed of twenty-one tissues.

Question 34

When was the first modern veterinary school established?

Answer 34

January 1, 1762 ## Footnote It was established in Lyon, France.

Question 35

What is the title of the first complete veterinary classic published by Jacques Labressie de Solleysel?

Answer 35

Le Parfait Marechal ## Footnote This work highlighted the negative impact of the farrier on veterinary medicine.

Question 36

Who established the veterinary school known as L-Ecole Veterinaire Nationale d'Alfort?

Answer 36

Claude Bourgelat ## Footnote He was instrumental in establishing the first modern veterinary school in Lyon.

Question 37

What is Carl Rokitansky known for?

Answer 37

Being the supreme descriptive pathologist of all time ## Footnote He established the structural basis of disease and necropsy technique.

Question 38

Who is considered the Father of Cellular Pathology?

Answer 38

Rudolph Virchow ## Footnote He coined many terms used in pathology and started publication of 'Virchow's Archives.'

Question 39

What did Louis Pasteur contribute to the field of bacteriology?

Answer 39

Demonstrated the importance of infectious organisms in disease ## Footnote He studied human and animal diseases and developed vaccines.

Question 40

What procedure did Robert Koch establish?

Answer 40

Koch's Postulate ## Footnote This is a method used to prove a specific microorganism as the cause of a disease.

Question 41

Who demonstrated the importance of bacteria in pathology?

Answer 41

Edwin Klebs ## Footnote He was a student of Virchow.

Question 42

What is Julius Cohnheim credited with?

Answer 42

Being the originator of modern experimental pathology ## Footnote He revealed vascular alterations that are the basis of the inflammatory response.

Question 43

Who brought pathology to the United States?

Answer 43

William H. Welch ## Footnote He was a student of Cohnheim and Professor of Pathology at John Hopkins University.