Escherichia

Question 1

What is the single most common facultative anaerobic gram negative bacteria that is part of the normal flora in the GI tract of animals

Answer 1

Escherichia Coli

Question 2

E. Coli is motile with peritrichous _____ and _____

Answer 2

flagella and fimbriate

Question 3

What pathogenesis does E. coli cause in almost every species it infects?

Answer 3

enteritis and septicemia

Question 4

What pathogenesis does E. coli cause in pigs?

Answer 4

edema disease

Question 5

True/False: E. coli causes an opportunistic infections of canine pyometra and cystitis as well as ruminant mastitis

Answer 5

True

*Staph aureus, Strep agalatia, and E coli are the causitive agents of mastitis

side note (Klebsiella, nocardia, truperella, and listeria are also possible causative agents of mastitis)

Question 6

It is difficult to make vaccines against E. coli because the ___ antigens, that are part of the gram negative cell wall, create a lot of variability

Answer 6

O antigens

Question 7

______ is released from the E. coli bacteria when they die and can lead to fever and septic shock in the animals

Answer 7

Lipid A

Question 8

E. coli can have capsules (____ antigen), flagella (____antigen) and adhesins (___antigen)

Answer 8

capsule- K antigen

Flagella- H antigen

Adhesins- F or P antigen

*lots of different serotypes due to these possible antigens

Question 9

finbria and pili are the adhesins that promote adherence to ____ on the epithelial cells of the intestinal tract and other target cells

Answer 9

glycoproteins

Question 10

What is the most important immune component against E. coli?

Answer 10

The normal flora of the GI tract

*extremely important to avoid binding of these types of bacteria

Question 11

_____(ETEC) is an E. coli adhesion that causes enteric disease and releases a toxin. This is for adhesion in the _____

Answer 11

enterotoxogenic, small intestine

Question 12

_____(EIEC) mediates attach to the _____ cells to penetrate and cause dissemination throughout the body.

Answer 12

enteroinvasive, small intestine

Question 13

_____(EAEC) forms a biofilm around the lumen of the _____ and does not allow for normal absorption and secretion, leading to diarrhea

Answer 13

enteroaggregative, small intestine

Question 14

_____(EPEC) binds to the _____ in order to highjack the enterocyte and completely destroy the microvilli causing attaching and effacing lesions

Answer 14

enteropathogenic, small intestine

Question 15

Enteropathogenic adhesions in the small intestine has a ____ forming pilus

Answer 15

bundle

Bfp

Question 16

_____(EHEC) is an adhesion that utilized outer membrane protein A to bind to the _____. Causing attaching and effacing lesions

Answer 16

Enterohemorrhagic, large intestine

Question 17

The enterohemorrhagic adhesions has ____membrane proteins

Answer 17

outer

OmpA

Question 18

Enterohemorrhagic E. coli secretes what toxin?

Answer 18

Shiga-like toxin

Question 19

Enterotoxins results in deregulation of water and electrolyte secretion resulting in ____ in neonates

Answer 19

diarrhea

Question 20

How many toxins are produced by the enterotoxic E.coli?

Answer 20

three

Question 21

_____ toxin binds to the endothelial cells and causes protein synthesis inhibition and death of the endothelial cells resulting in bloody diarrhea

Answer 21

Shiga-like toxin

Question 22

Shiga like toxin inhibits ____

Answer 22

protein synthesis

Question 23

Enteroinvasive E. coli produces a _____ necrotizing factor (CNF) that mediates the uptake of the bacteria by epithelial cells so they can disseminate

Answer 23

cytotoxic

Question 24

______ encoded toxin is present in many different kinds of E. coli and cause damage to endothelial cells and results in diarrhea

Answer 24

Plasmid

Question 25

Enterohemolysis is present in ______ E. coli

Answer 25

enterohemorrhagic

Question 26

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a secretion system with needle like structures that come out of the cell wall of the bacteria and secrete effector proteins into the extracellular environment or into host cells.

Answer 26

Type III secretion system

Question 27

True/False: E. coli are part of the normal flora of the GI tract

Answer 27

True

Question 28

How is E. coli transmitted?

Answer 28

fecal oral route

Question 29

Most strains of E. coli do not cause disease, however they can \_\_\_\_\_virulence factors via transduction, conjugation, and transformation

Answer 29

Acquire

Question 30

Enterotoxigenic diarrhea is present more in \_\_\_\_

Answer 30

neonates

Question 31

If you visit a swine farm where there is a report of an outbreak on neonate pigs of watery diarrhea. You isolate a gram negative organism. What is at the top of your differentials?

Answer 31

Enterotoxogenic E. coli

Question 32

In Enterotoxigenic Diarrhea, the E. Coli needs to produce both ____ and \_\_\_\_\_

Answer 32

adhesins and enterotoxins \*needs to adhere to enterocytes of the small intestine

Question 33

Enterotoxigenic E. coli leads to \_\_\_\_diarrhea

Answer 33

watery

Question 34

True/False: Large bowel cells are susceptible to the enterotoxigenic toxin

Answer 34

False LARGE BOWEL CELLS ARE NOT SUSCEPTIBLE

Question 35

True/False: Enterotoxigenic diarrhea leads to high mortality unless fluid and elecrolyte imbalance is corrected

Answer 35

True

Question 36

Enteropathogenic E coli causes ____ and \_\_\_\_\_lesions

Answer 36

attaching and effacing lesions in the GI tract \*hallmark of the disease

Question 37

\_\_\_\_\_ is responsible for intimate attachments via Tir with enteropathogenic E. coli

Answer 37

intimin

Question 38

Once Enteropathogenic E. coli binds to the enterocytes that utilize \_\_\_\_\_systems that produce effacing lesions and diarrhea

Answer 38

Type III secretion system

Question 39

\_\_\_\_\_ brings the bacteria very close to the enterocyte, which causes the collapse of the microvilli

Answer 39

intimin

Question 40

Enterohemorragic E. coli causes attaching and effacing lesions in the _____ intestine

Answer 40

large

Question 41

What is the main virulence factor of Enterohemorragic E. coli?

Answer 41

Shiga- like toxin

Question 42

Enterohemorragic E. coli causes ____ diarrhea

Answer 42

hemorrhagic (bloody)

Question 43

Enterohemorragic E. coli causes _____ in humans as a result of the shiga-like toxin

Answer 43

hemolytic uremic syndrome

Question 44

Enterohemorragic E. coli has ____ potential. Need to make sure to cook your meat!

Answer 44

zoonotic

Question 45

Enteroinvasive E. coli can be caused in neonates due to inadequate \_\_\_\_\_

Answer 45

colostrum

Question 46

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ E. coli posses CNF-1 that is very important virulence factor. CNF induces the bacterial uptake into the host cell so that it can disseminate

Answer 46

Enteroinvasive E. coli

Question 47

The _____ is a very important virulence factor for Enteroinvasive E. coli so that it can escape phagocytosis and complement mediated lysis

Answer 47

capsule

Question 48

\_\_\_\_\_ disease is often a fatal enterotoxemia of weaned pigs

Answer 48

Edema

Question 49

What is the causative agent of edema disease in pigs?

Answer 49

enterohemorrhagic E. coli \*causes important mortality events in swine and effects the swine industry

Question 50

What is the most important virulence factor in edema disease?

Answer 50

Shiga-like toxin \*extensive generalized edema

Question 51

\_\_\_\_\_ of fowl is a widespread disease in birds that can cause embryonic death and is economically important for the poultry industry

Answer 51

colibacillosis

Question 52

True/False: it is imperative that the dam be exposed to microorganisms before partuition for antibodies to be made for secretion into colostrum

Answer 52

True

Question 53

You are able to grow E. coli in Blood agar and Maconkey agar. Ecoli is lactose ____ in Maconkey agar

Answer 53

positive \*will look purple

Question 54

What does E. coli look like under the microscope

Answer 54

Gram negative rods with rounded ends

Question 55

What agar is made specificaly for identification of E. coli?

Answer 55

Eosin Methylene blue agar \*will have green metallic sheen when positive

Question 56

True/False: Fluid and elecrolyte therapy is a good treatment for E.coli

Answer 56

True