Exam 1 Flashcards
The study of speech sounds in a language
Phonology
Units of speech (sounds used to distinguish meaning)
Phoneme
Variations of a phoneme (“k” in key and “k” in coo); includes suprasegmentals and diacritics
Allophone
Rules and constraints on how we put speech sounds together
Phonotactics
What is the difference between a phoneme and speech sound?
Phoneme has a function that establishes and distinguishes meaning, speech sound is the actual production of speech
Theory that includes what distinguishes one sound from another, focuses on characteristics that distinguish phonemes form each other
Distinctive feature theory
What is the problem with distinctive features theory?
Ignores distortion produced by clinics
articulatory and acoustic characteristics of speech sounds that may be present or absent
Distinctive feature
Interaction among units in the oral expression of a language can be explained by phonological rules
Generative phonology
Formal expression of a regularity that occurs in the phonology of a language or of a particular speaker
Phonological rule
What are the surface forms of generative phonology?
Actual production, phonetic representation
What are the underlying forms of generative phonology?
Mental representation, phonological representation
What are the goals of generative phonology?
Describe phonological pattern, formulate rules that account for systems
Phonemes that are easy to produce and occur in many languages
Natural sounds (unmarked)
Phonemes that are more difficult to produce and found in fewer languages
Marked sounds
