Exam 1 Chapter 1

Question 1

What is the difference between histology and radiography?

Answer 1

Histology: microscopic study of tissue structure
Radiography: study of internal body structures from xx-ray and other imaging techniques

Question 2

Define pathology

Answer 2

study of disease

Question 3

Define hepatitis

Answer 3

inflammation of liver

Question 4

Define brachial

Answer 4

arm

Question 5

Define leukocyte

Answer 5

white cell

Question 6

Define pneumonia

Answer 6

condition of air

Question 7

Define a tissue. List the 4 types of tissues in the body and state the function of each.

Answer 7

tissue: group of cells and associated extracellular material of similar structure with a common function
1) Epithelial tissue: covering or lining tissue
2) Connective tissue: functions in support and protection
3) Muscle tissue: produces movement
4) Nervous tissue: allows for internal communication by electrical impulses

Question 8

What organ system eliminates wastes and regulates water and ion balance?

Answer 8

urinary system

Question 9

What organ system is fast-acting control system that integrates body activities?

Answer 9

nervous system

Question 10

What organ system supplies blood with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide?

Answer 10

respiratory system

Question 11

Describe the location of the liver in reference to the heart using directional terms.

Answer 11

The liver is inferior to the heart and extends laterally in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen.

Question 12

What is the outer layer of serous membrane that lines the pleural cavity called?

Answer 12

parietal pleural effusion

Question 13

What is the correct sequence of levels forming the body’s structural hierarchy?

Answer 13

chemical
cellular
tissue
organ
organ system
organismal

Question 14

Fill in the blank: the heart is located ___ to the diaphragm.

Answer 14

superior

Question 15

Fill in the blank: the muscles are ___ to the skin.

Answer 15

deep

Question 16

Fill in the blank: the shoulder is ___ to the elbow.

Answer 16

proximal

Question 17

Fill in the blank: in anatomical position, the thumb is ___ to the index finger.

Answer 17

lateral

Question 18

Fill in the blank: the vertebral region is ___ to the scapular region.

Answer 18

medial

Question 19

Fill in the blank: the nose is ___ to the chin.

Answer 19

superior

Question 20

Fill in the blank: the toes are ___ to the heel.

Answer 20

anterior

Question 21

Which cavity is the brain in?

Answer 21

cranial

Question 22

Which cavity is the digestive viscera in?

Answer 22

abdominal

Question 23

What cavity are the lungs in?

Answer 23

thoracic

Question 24

What cavity is the urinary bladder in?

Answer 24

pelvic

Question 25

Which cavity is the heart in?

Answer 25

thoracic

Question 26

Which cavity is the spinal cord in?

Answer 26

vertebral

Question 27

What cavity are the reproductive organs in?

Answer 27

pelvic

Question 28

Which of organs are cut by the midsagittal plane of the body?

Answer 28

urinary bladder, small intestine, heart

Question 29

What abdominopelvic quadrant is the spleen in?

Answer 29

LUQ

Question 30

What abdominopelvic quadrant is the initial part of sigmoid colon in?

Answer 30

LLQ

Question 31

What abdominopelvic quadrant is gallbladder in?

Answer 31

RUQ

Question 32

What abdominopelvic quadrant is cecum in?

Answer 32

RLQ

Question 33

Fill in the blank: the ventral surface of the body is the same as its ___ surface.

Answer 33

anterior

Question 34

What serous membrane covers the surface of the heart?

Answer 34

visceral pericardium

Question 35

What serous membrane forms the outer lining of the pericardium?

Answer 35

parietal pericardium

Question 36

What serous membrane lines the wall of the thoracic cavity?

Answer 36

parietal pleura

Question 37

What serous membrane covers the outer membrane of the small intestine?

Answer 37

visceral peritoneum

Question 38

What is histology similar to?

Answer 38

microscopic anatomy

Question 39

Describe the anatomical position and assume this position.

Answer 39

person stands straight with feet flat on the floor, toes pointed forward and eyes facing forward palms face anteriorly with thumbs pointed away from the body

Question 40

What organ system are the following organs part of: thymus, thyroid, ovary, pancreas?

Answer 40

endocrine system

Question 41

What organ system are the following organs part of: nasal cavity, larynx, bronchi, lungs?

Answer 41

respiratory system

Question 42

What organ system are the following organs part of: kidney, ureter, urethra?

Answer 42

urinary system

Question 43

What is bilateral symmetry? Name some abdominal organs that are not symmetrical.

Answer 43

bilateral symmetry: left and right sides are mirror images examples: stomach and liver

Question 44

What is the formal regional term for arm?

Answer 44

brachial

Question 45

What is the formal regional term for chest?

Answer 45

thorax

Question 46

What is the formal regional term for thigh?

Answer 46

femoral

Question 47

What is the formal regional term for navel?

Answer 47

umbilical

Question 48

What is the formal regional term for limbs?

Answer 48

appendages

Question 48

Define superior/inferior, dorsal/ventral, medial/lateral, and superficial/deep.

Answer 48

Superior/inferior: top of head to bottom of the body Dorsal/ventral OR Posterior/anterior: back of the body to the front of the body Medial/lateral: middle of body to the ends of the body Superficial/deep OR external/internal: body surface to inner body

Question 49

What are the cavities in the dorsal and ventral cavities?

Answer 49

dorsal: cranial and vertebral cavity ventral: Thoracic (superior mediastinum, pleural, pericardial), abdominal, and pelvic

Question 50

What is the sacral, cervical, and carpal regions of a female?

Answer 50

sacral: between lower back and tailbone cervical: neck carpal: wrist