Exam 3 Chapter 17

Question 1

How do hormones reach their target calls?

Answer 1

through the bloodstream
- enter in the capillaries and enter the tissue fluid
- only influence activity of their target cells

Question 2

What are the three types of stimuli that regulate secretion from endocrine cells?

Answer 2

humoral stimuli, nervous stimuli, or hormonal stimuli

Question 3

How do tropic hormones secreted by the pituitary differ in action from the other pituitary hormones?

Answer 3

tropic hormones regulate the secretion of hormones by other endocrine glands
- nontropic hormones act directly on nonendocrine target tissues

Question 4

Where are the hormones produced that are secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary?

Answer 4

hypothalamus

Question 5

Where are the hormones produced that are secreted by the anterior lobe?

Answer 5

cells of this gland

Question 6

Name the target organ for oxytocin.

Answer 6

uterus and breast

Question 7

Name the target organ for ACTH.

Answer 7

Adrenal cortex

Question 8

Name the target organ for FHS.

Answer 8

ovaries in females and testes in males

Question 9

Name the target organs for ADH.

Answer 9

kidneys

Question 10

What specific region of the adrenal gland produces aldosterone?

Answer 10

zona glomerulosa
- outer layer of the adrenal cortex

Question 11

Why is the adrenal medulla referred to as a modified sympathetic ganglion?

Answer 11

it secretes norepinephrine and epinephrine when stimulated by preganglionic sympathetic neurons

Question 12

What hormone directly stimulates the secretion of the glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex and where is this hormone produced?

Answer 12

ACTH produced by anterior pituitary

Question 13

Where are the endocrine cells of the pancreas located?

Answer 13

pancreatic islets

Question 14

What structure, other than the ovaries, produces estrogens and progesterone?

Answer 14

in a developing fetus
- produced in placenta

Question 15

What is the major stimulus for the release of estrogens?

Answer 15

hormonal

Question 16

What hormone stimulates cell division in the epiphyseal plates of growing bones?

Answer 16

growth hormone

Question 17

What hormone is involved in water balance and causes the kidneys to conserve water?

Answer 17

antidiuretic hormone

Question 18

What hormone stimulates milk production?

Answer 18

prolactin

Question 19

What hormone stimulates milk ejection?

Answer 19

oxytocin

Question 20

What tropic hormone stimulates the gonads to secrete sex hormones?

Answer 20

luteinizing hormone

Question 21

What hormone increases basal metabolic rate?

Answer 21

thyroid hormone

Question 22

What tropic hormone stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete thyroid hormone?

Answer 22

thyroid-stimulating hormone

Question 23

What hormone adjusts blood sugar levels and helps the body cope with stress?

Answer 23

cortisol

Question 24

What hormone is secreted by the pineal gland?

Answer 24

melatonin

Question 25

What hormone increases blood calcium levels?

Answer 25

parathyroid hormone

Question 26

What hormone is secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary?

Answer 26

antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin

Question 27

What hormone is a steroid?

Answer 27

cortisol

Question 28

What does the pars distalis of the anterior pituitary secrete?

Answer 28

growth hormone, gonadotropins, thyroid-stimulating hormone

Question 29

What type of hormone is any endocrine cell in the pars distalis?

Answer 29

protein hormone

Question 30

What type of hormone is the interstitial cell in the testis?

Answer 30

steroid hormone

Question 31

What type of hormone are parathyroid cells in the parathyroid gland?

Answer 31

protein hormone

Question 32

What type of hormone is a zone fasciculata cell?

Answer 32

steroid hormone

Question 33

What type of hormone is a follicle cell in the ovary that secretes sex hormones?

Answer 33

steroid hormone

Question 34

What type of hormone are parafollicular cells in the thyroid gland?

Answer 34

protein hormone

Question 35

What secretes releasing or inhibiting hormones?

Answer 35

hypothalamic neurons

Question 36

What do some kidney cells produce?

Answer 36

erythropoietin

Question 37

What is the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland the same as?

Answer 37

adenohypophysis

Question 38

What 2 hormones are produced by the thyroid gland?

Answer 38

calcitonin and thyroid hormone

Question 39

What 2 hormones are produced by the pancreas?

Answer 39

glucagon and insulin

Question 40

What 2 hormones are produced by the adrenal gland?

Answer 40

cortisol and norepinephrine

Question 41

What 2 hormones are produced by the posterior lobe of the pituitary?

Answer 41

oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone

Question 42

What 2 hormones are produced by the ovaries?

Answer 42

estrogen and progesterone

Question 43

Which of the following statements is incorrect? - anterior lobe of the pituitary gland secretes seven different hormones. - infundibulum connects the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus. - portal veins connect the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus - pars distalis is the largest part of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.

Answer 43

Portal veins connect the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus - Hypophyseal portal system connects hypothalamus with the anterior pituitary gland.