Flashcards in Exam 1 Part 1 Deck (43):
1
What is the study of forces and their effects?
Mechanics
2
What is the study of relationships between the force system acting on the body and the changes it produces in body motion?
Kinetics
3
What is the branch of mechanics that deals with the geometry of the motion of objects?
Kinematics
4
T/F: Kinematics includes things like displacement, acceleration, and velocity.
True
5
What study uses principles of mechanics for solving problems related to structure and function of biologic and physiologic systems?
biomechanics
6
T/F: Scalars consist of magnitude and direction.
False; vectors have both, scalars are magnitude only
7
What are some examples of scalars?
temp, distance, speed, mass
8
Examples of Vectors?
displacement, velocity, acceleration, momentum, and force
9
What is the scalar quantity distance?
how much ground an object has covered during its motion
10
What vector quantity is a measure of overall change of position or "how far out of place an object is"?
Displacement
11
T/F: Velocity is ignorant of direction.
False; velocity is direction aware (displacement/time)
12
What scalar quantity is ignorant of direction and is equal to distance/time?
Speed
13
What term is defined as the change in velocity/time?
Acceleration
14
T/F: Acceleration is a vector quantity.
True
15
T/F: Mass is a scalar quantity.
True
16
What vector quantity is equal to mass x acceleration and can be described as the quantity of motion an object possesses?
Momentum
17
What unit is force measured in?
Newtons
18
T/F: 10 Newtons= 1 Kilogram = 2.2 pounds
True
19
What is the formula for Force?
Force=Mass x Acceleration
20
Which of Newton's Laws of Motion is aka the law of inertia?
First law
21
Which of Newton's laws states that an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion....?
1st
22
Which of Newton's laws is aka the law of force and acceleration?
2nd
23
Which of Newton's laws is aka the Law of action and reaction?
3rd
24
What is the force that resists the sliding of two objects in contact?
friction
25
T/F: Static friction exists when two surfaces are not sliding relative to one another but do possess the potential for movement.
True
26
What has a higher coefficient of (static) friction, Rubber on concrete or synovial joints?
Rubber on concrete. Higher coefficient means more friction which means less movement.
27
What is aka dynamic friction?
Kinetic Friction
28
What kind of forces elongate or pull things apart?
Tensile forces
29
What kind of forces compact an object?
Compressive forces
30
What is the term for the magnitude of applied force acting over a given area? What is it measured in?
Pressure (P=F/A);
pascals
31
What is performed when an object is displaced by the application of a force? What is it measured in?
Work;
Joules
32
What is the amount of mechanical work performed in a given interval and is measured in watts?
Power (Work/Time)
33
What is the term for the motion of one object with respect to a reference object?
Relative motion
34
What are the 4 categories of movement?
Discrete, Continuous, Repeated discrete, and Serial
35
What is the term for the path of motion around a fixed axis and therefore in a circular path?
Angular motion
36
What is the perpendicular distance from an axis of rotation to a line along which a force acts?
Lever arm aka force arm or moment arm
37
What is torque?
product of force and lever arm
38
What does a lever system consist of?
a rigid or semi-rigid object (lever) that is capable of rotating about an axis (fulcrum)
39
What type of lever system has the fulcrum in the middle?
Type 1
40
What type of lever system has the fulcrum on one end of the lever and the effort on the opposite end?
Type 2
41
What type of lever system has the fulcrum on one end of the lever and the resistance or load on the opposite end?
Type 3
42
What is the point that represents the average location of a system's mass?
Center of mass
43